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Image captioning requires numerous annotated image-text pairs, resulting in substantial annotation costs. Recently, large models (e.g. diffusion models and large language models) have excelled in producing high-quality images and text. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Feipeng Ma , Yizhou Zhou , Fengyun Rao , Yueyi Zhang , Xiaoyan Sun

Remote sensing image captioning has advanced rapidly through encoder--decoder models, although the reliance on large annotated datasets and the focus on English restricts global applicability. To address these limitations, we propose the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Carlos Rebelo , Gil Rocha , João Daniel Silva , Bruno Martins

Reasoning segmentation seeks pixel-accurate masks for targets referenced by complex, often implicit instructions, requiring context-dependent reasoning over the scene. Recent multimodal language models have advanced instruction following…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Prantik Howlader , Hoang Nguyen-Canh , Srijan Das , Jingyi Xu , Hieu Le , Dimitris Samaras

Automatically generating a human-like description for a given image is a potential research in artificial intelligence, which has attracted a great of attention recently. Most of the existing attention methods explore the mapping…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Feicheng Huang , Zhixin Li , Haiyang Wei , Canlong Zhang , Huifang Ma

Recent advancements in Vision-Language (VL) research have sparked new benchmarks for complex visual reasoning, challenging models' advanced reasoning ability. Traditional Vision-Language Models (VLMs) perform well in visual perception tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zhiyuan Li , Dongnan Liu , Chaoyi Zhang , Heng Wang , Tengfei Xue , Weidong Cai

Training image captioning models using teacher forcing results in very generic samples, whereas more distinctive captions can be very useful in retrieval applications or to produce alternative texts describing images for accessibility.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Antoine Chaffin , Ewa Kijak , Vincent Claveau

High-performance Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are heavily dependent on data quality. To advance fine-grained image recognition within MLLMs, we introduce a novel data synthesis method inspired by contrastive learning and image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Qirui Jiao , Daoyuan Chen , Yilun Huang , Bolin Ding , Yaliang Li , Ying Shen

Large language models (LLMs) generate diverse, situated, persuasive texts from a plurality of potential perspectives, influenced heavily by their prompts and training data. As part of LLM adoption, we seek to characterize - and ideally,…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) excel at generating highly detailed captions but often produce hallucinations. Our analysis reveals that existing hallucination detection methods struggle with detailed captions. We attribute this to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Saehyung Lee , Seunghyun Yoon , Trung Bui , Jing Shi , Sungroh Yoon

Generating images with conditional descriptions gains increasing interests in recent years. However, existing conditional inputs are suffering from either unstructured forms (captions) or limited information and expensive labeling (scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Tao Ma , Yikang Li

Paragraph generation from images, which has gained popularity recently, is an important task for video summarization, editing, and support of the disabled. Traditional image captioning methods fall short on this front, since they aren't…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Moitreya Chatterjee , Alexander G. Schwing

Word representation is a fundamental component in neural language understanding models. Recently, pre-trained language models (PrLMs) offer a new performant method of contextualized word representations by leveraging the sequence-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Zhuosheng Zhang , Haojie Yu , Hai Zhao , Rui Wang , Masao Utiyama

Systems such as video chatbots and navigation robots often depend on streaming image captioning to interpret visual inputs. Existing approaches typically employ large multimodal language models (MLLMs) for this purpose, but their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Junha Song , Yongsik Jo , So Yeon Min , Quanting Xie , Taehwan Kim , Yonatan Bisk , Jaegul Choo

Robust embodied navigation relies on complementary sensory cues. However, high-quality and well-aligned multi-modal data is often difficult to obtain in practice. Training a monolithic model is also challenging as rich multi-modal inputs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Shuo Liu , Xinzichen Li , Christopher Amato

Current captioning approaches can describe images using black-box architectures whose behavior is hardly controllable and explainable from the exterior. As an image can be described in infinite ways depending on the goal and the context at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Discriminativeness is a desirable feature of image captions: captions should describe the characteristic details of input images. However, recent high-performing captioning models, which are trained with reinforcement learning (RL), tend to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Ukyo Honda , Taro Watanabe , Yuji Matsumoto

Existing image captioning systems are dedicated to generating narrative captions for images, which are spatially detached from the image in presentation. However, texts can also be used as decorations on the image to highlight the key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Yiqi Gao , Xinglin Hou , Yuanmeng Zhang , Tiezheng Ge , Yuning Jiang , Peng Wang

Language use is shaped by pragmatics -- i.e., reasoning about communicative goals and norms in context. As language models (LMs) are increasingly used as conversational agents, it becomes ever more important to understand their pragmatic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Linlu Qiu , Cedegao E. Zhang , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Yoon Kim , Roger P. Levy

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) with unified architectures excel across a wide range of vision-language tasks, yet aligning them with personalized image generation remains a significant challenge. Existing methods for MLLMs are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Qian Liang , Yujia Wu , Kuncheng Li , Jiwei Wei , Shiyuan He , Jinyu Guo , Ning Xie

Image captioning is a multimodal problem that has drawn extensive attention in both the natural language processing and computer vision community. In this paper, we present a novel image captioning architecture to better explore semantics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Zhan Shi , Xu Zhou , Xipeng Qiu , Xiaodan Zhu