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Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer. Computer systems can assist in melanoma detection, but are not widespread in clinical practice. In 2016, an open challenge in classification of dermoscopic images of skin lesions was announced.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-06 Kajsa Møllersen , Maciel Zortea , Thomas R. Schopf , Herbert Kirchesch , Fred Godtliebsen

Proficiency in microanastomosis is a critical surgical skill in neurosurgery, where the ability to precisely manipulate fine instruments is crucial to successful outcomes. These procedures require sustained attention, coordinated hand…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Yan Meng , Daniel Donoho , Marcelle Altshuler , Omar Arnaout

One of the most significant challenges in the field of deep learning and medical image segmentation is to determine an appropriate threshold for classifying each pixel. This threshold is a value above which the model's output is considered…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-28 Ali Fayzi , Mohammad Fayzi , Mostafa Forotan

Nucleus segmentation is an important analysis task in digital pathology. However, methods for automatic segmentation often struggle with new data from a different distribution, requiring users to manually annotate nuclei and retrain…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Titus Griebel , Anwai Archit , Constantin Pape

Periorbital distances are critical markers for diagnosing and monitoring a range of oculoplastic and craniofacial conditions. Manual measurement, however, is subjective and prone to intergrader variability. Automated methods have been…

Plotting the residuals is a recommended procedure to diagnose deviations from linear model assumptions, such as non-linearity, heteroscedasticity, and non-normality. The presence of structure in residual plots can be tested using the lineup…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-05 Weihao Li , Dianne Cook , Emi Tanaka , Susan VanderPlas , Klaus Ackermann

Pathological alterations in the human vascular system underlie many chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis and aneurysms. However, manually analyzing diagnostic images of the vascular system, such as computed tomographic angiograms…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-29 Alireza Bagheri Rajeoni , Breanna Pederson , Ali Firooz , Hamed Abdollahi , Andrew K. Smith , Daniel G. Clair , Susan M. Lessner , Homayoun Valafar

Inspection of tissues using a light microscope is the primary method of diagnosing many diseases, notably cancer. Highly multiplexed tissue imaging builds on this foundation, enabling the collection of up to 60 channels of molecular…

Dental comparison is considered a primary identification method, at the level of fingerprints and DNA profiling. One crucial but time-consuming step of this method is the morphological comparison. One of the main challenges to apply this…

Automated segmentation tools often encounter accuracy and adaptability issues when applied to images of different pathology. The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility of building a workflow to efficiently route images to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-06 Peilong Wang , Timothy L. Kline , Andy D. Missert , Cole J. Cook , Matthew R. Callstrom , Alex Chan , Robert P. Hartman , Zachary S. Kelm , Panagiotis Korfiatis

The histological assessment of human tissue has emerged as the key challenge for detection and treatment of cancer. A plethora of different data sources ranging from tissue microarray data to gene expression, proteomics or metabolomics data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-01-05 Thomas J. Fuchs , Joachim M. Buhmann

In this paper we present algorithms to diagnosis Pathological Myopia (PM) and detection of retinal structures and lesions such asOptic Disc (OD), Fovea, Atrophy and Detachment. All these tasks were performed in fundus imaging from PM…

Rising global food demand and growing climate pressure increase the need for sustainable, precise agricultural practices. Automated, individualized plant treatment relies on fine-grained visual analysis, yet leaf-level segmentation remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Robert Martinko , Daniel Steininger , Julia Simon , Andreas Trondl , Matthias Blaickner

During pregnancy, ultrasound examination in the second trimester can assess fetal size according to standardized charts. To achieve a reproducible and accurate measurement, a sonographer needs to identify three standard 2D planes of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Sophia Bano , Brian Dromey , Francisco Vasconcelos , Raffaele Napolitano , Anna L. David , Donald M. Peebles , Danail Stoyanov

Recent developments in AI have provided assisting tools to support pathologists' diagnoses. However, it remains challenging to incorporate such tools into pathologists' practice; one main concern is AI's insufficient workflow integration…

There exist numerous diagnostic tasks in pathology. Conventional computational pathology formulates and tackles them as independent and individual image classification problems, thereby resulting in computational inefficiency and high…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-15 Anh Tien Nguyen , Keunho Byeon , Kyungeun Kim , Boram Song , Seoung Wan Chae , Jin Tae Kwak

Pathologists comprehensive evaluation of donor liver biopsies provides crucial information for accepting or discarding potential grafts. However, rapidly and accurately obtaining these assessments intraoperatively poses a significant…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-05 Liangrui Pan , Xingchen Li , Zhongyi Chen , Ling Chu , Shaoliang Peng

Optical microscopy has long been the standard method for diagnosis in cytopathology. Whole slide scanners can image and digitize large sample areas automatically, but are slow, expensive and therefore not widely available. Clinical…

While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved notable progress in computational pathology (CPath), the gigapixel scale and spatial heterogeneity of Whole Slide Images (WSIs) continue to pose challenges for multimodal understanding.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Fengchun Liu , Songhan Jiang , Linghan Cai , Ziyue Wang , Yongbing Zhang

Digital pathology, augmented by artificial intelligence (AI), holds significant promise for improving the workflow of pathologists. However, challenges such as the labor-intensive annotation of whole slide images (WSIs), high computational…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-18 Walid Rehamnia , Alexandra Getmanskaya , Evgeniy Vasilyev , Vadim Turlapov