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We study sampling as optimization in the space of measures. We focus on gradient flow-based optimization with the Langevin dynamics as a case study. We investigate the source of the bias of the unadjusted Langevin algorithm (ULA) in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-06-08 Andre Wibisono

Most modern imaging systems incorporate a computational pipeline to infer the image of interest from acquired measurements. The Bayesian approach to solve such ill-posed inverse problems involves the characterization of the posterior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Pakshal Bohra , Thanh-an Pham , Jonathan Dong , Michael Unser

In this paper, we prove large deviation principles for the empirical measures associated with the Independent Metropolis Hastings (IMH) sampler and the Metropolis-adjusted Langevin Algorithm (MALA). These are the first large deviation…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-23 Federica Milinanni , Pierre Nyquist

For sufficiently smooth targets of product form it is known that the variance of a single coordinate of the proposal in RWM (Random walk Metropolis) and MALA (Metropolis adjusted Langevin algorithm) should optimally scale as $n^{-1}$ and as…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-07-15 Jure Vogrinc , Wilfrid Stephen Kendall

This paper explores the application of methods from information geometry to the sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) sampler. In particular the Riemannian manifold Metropolis-adjusted Langevin algorithm (mMALA) is adapted for the transition kernels…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-12-05 Aaron Sim , Sarah Filippi , Michael P. H. Stumpf

Stochastic approximation methods play a central role in maximum likelihood estimation problems involving intractable likelihood functions, such as marginal likelihoods arising in problems with missing or incomplete data, and in parametric…

Computation · Statistics 2020-06-02 Valentin De Bortoli , Alain Durmus , Marcelo Pereyra , Ana F. Vidal

We study Bayesian inference methods for solving linear inverse problems, focusing on hierarchical formulations where the prior or the likelihood function depend on unspecified hyperparameters. In practice, these hyperparameters are often…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-08-01 Qingping Zhou , Wenqing Liu , Jinglai Li , Youssef M. Marzouk

Maximum likelihood estimation is a popular method in statistical inference. As a way of assessing the accuracy of the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE), the calculation of the covariance matrix of the MLE is of great interest in practice.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-05-08 Xumeng Cao

When performing Bayesian inference using Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) methods, two considerations arise: the accuracy of the posterior approximation and computational efficiency. To address computational demands, Sequential Monte Carlo…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-11 Joshua Murphy , Conor Rosato , Andrew Millard , Lee Devlin , Paul Horridge , Simon Maskell

The L1-regularized Gaussian maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) has been shown to have strong statistical guarantees in recovering a sparse inverse covariance matrix, or alternatively the underlying graph structure of a Gaussian Markov…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-06-14 Cho-Jui Hsieh , Matyas A. Sustik , Inderjit S. Dhillon , Pradeep Ravikumar

Understanding the dimension dependency of computational complexity in high-dimensional sampling problem is a fundamental problem, both from a practical and theoretical perspective. Compared with samplers with unbiased stationary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Xunpeng Huang , Hanze Dong , Difan Zou , Tong Zhang

The Bayesian approach is effective for inverse problems. The posterior density distribution provides useful information of the unknowns. However, for problems with non-unique solutions, the classical estimators such as the maximum a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-31 Jiguang Sun

We consider Bayesian inference for large scale inverse problems, where computational challenges arise from the need for repeated evaluations of an expensive forward model. This renders most Markov chain Monte Carlo approaches infeasible,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-12 Daniel Zhengyu Huang , Jiaoyang Huang , Sebastian Reich , Andrew M. Stuart

This paper addresses the adaptive radar target detection problem in the presence of Gaussian interference with unknown statistical properties. To this end, the problem is first formulated as a binary hypothesis test, and then we derive a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-05 Chaoran Yin , Tianqi Wang , Linjie Yan , Chengpeng Hao , Alfonso Farina , Danilo Orlando

We consider the problem of scalable sampling algorithms to fit Bayesian generalized linear mixed models on large datasets. Stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics, coupled with smooth re-parameterizations of variance parameters, produces…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-30 Youngsoo Baek , Samuel I. Berchuck

In this work, we propose a first-order sampling method called the Metropolis-adjusted Preconditioned Langevin Algorithm for approximate sampling from a target distribution whose support is a proper convex subset of $\mathbb{R}^{d}$. Our…

Computation · Statistics 2025-02-27 Vishwak Srinivasan , Andre Wibisono , Ashia Wilson

It is well known that adding any skew symmetric matrix to the gradient of Langevin dynamics algorithm results in a non-reversible diffusion with improved convergence rate. This paper presents a gradient algorithm to adaptively optimize the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Vikram Krishnamurthy , George Yin

Riemannian manifold Hamiltonian (RMHMC) and Lagrangian Monte Carlo (LMC) have emerged as powerful methods of Bayesian inference. Unlike Euclidean Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (EHMC) and the Metropolis-adjusted Langevin algorithm (MALA), the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-05 James A. Brofos , Vivekananda Roy , Roy R. Lederman

We utilise a sampler originating from nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, termed here Jarzynski-adjusted Langevin algorithm (JALA), to build statistical estimation methods in latent variable models. We achieve this by leveraging…

Computation · Statistics 2025-10-27 James Cuin , Davide Carbone , O. Deniz Akyildiz

Optimal designs minimize the number of experimental runs (samples) needed to accurately estimate model parameters, resulting in algorithms that, for instance, efficiently minimize parameter estimate variance. Governed by knowledge of past…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-03 Nicholas W. Barendregt , Emily G. Webb , Zachary P. Kilpatrick