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Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is a promising technology for enhancing wireless communication systems. It adaptively configures massive passive reflecting elements to control wireless channel in a desirable way. Due to hardware…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-04 Rui Sun , Weidong Wang , Li Chen , Guo Wei , Wenyi Zhang

Label-free vibrational imaging by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) provides unprecedented insight into real-time chemical distributions in living systems. Specifically, SRS in the fingerprint region can resolve multiple chemicals in a…

Recent advances in powerful pre-trained diffusion models encourage the development of methods to improve the sampling performance under well-trained diffusion models. This paper introduces Diffusion Rejection Sampling (DiffRS), which uses a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Byeonghu Na , Yeongmin Kim , Minsang Park , Donghyeok Shin , Wanmo Kang , Il-Chul Moon

Optical microscopy has been employed to derive salient characteristics of an object in various fields, including cell biology, flow cytometry, biopsy, and neuroscience. In particular, measuring the phase of light scattered from an object…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-18 Jeonghun Oh , Herve Hugonnet , Weisun Park , YongKeun Park

Diffuse optical breast imaging utilizes near-infrared (NIR) light propagation through tissues to assess the optical properties of tissue for the identification of abnormal tissue. This optical imaging approach is sensitive, cost-effective,…

Medical Physics · Physics 2017-11-22 Wenxiang Cong , Xavier Intes , Ge Wang

Robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery has shown to improve patient outcomes, as well as reduce complications and recovery time for several clinical applications. While increasingly configurable robotic arms can maximize reach and avoid…

Diffusing Wave Spectroscopy (DWS) is an extension of standard dynamic light scattering (DLS), applied to soft materials that are turbid or opaque. The propagation of light is modeled using light diffusion, characterized by a light diffusion…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-15 Manuel Helfer , Chi Zhang , Frank Scheffold

Vascular anastomosis, the surgical connection of blood vessels, is essential in procedures such as organ transplants and reconstructive surgeries. The precision required limits accessibility due to the extensive training needed, with manual…

The increasing prevalence of prostate cancer has led to the widespread adoption of Robotic-Assisted Surgery (RAS) as a treatment option. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a crucial component of prostate cancer surgery and requires…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Kaizhong Deng , Baoru Huang , Daniel S. Elson

We present a novel method for diffusion-guided frameworks for view-consistent super-resolution (SR) in neural rendering. Our approach leverages existing 2D SR models in conjunction with advanced techniques such as Variational Score…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Shrey Vishen , Jatin Sarabu , Saurav Kumar , Chinmay Bharathulwar , Rithwick Lakshmanan , Vishnu Srinivas

Optical spectroscopy techniques such as differential reflectance and transmittance have proven to be very powerful techniques to study 2D materials. However, a thorough description of the experimental setups needed to carry out these…

High-resolution imaging is crucial for enhancing visual clarity and enabling precise computer-assisted guidance in minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Despite the increasing adoption of 4K endoscopic systems, there remains a significant gap…

This work focuses on the use of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) in dual-function radar-communication (DFRC) systems to improve communication capacity and sensing precision, and enhance coverage for both functions. In contrast to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-10 Bowen Wang , Hongyu Li , Shanpu Shen , Ziyang Cheng , Bruno Clerckx

Medical image super-resolution (SR) is an active research area that has many potential applications, including reducing scan time, bettering visual understanding, increasing robustness in downstream tasks, etc. However, applying…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-12 Cheng Peng , S. Kevin Zhou , Rama Chellappa

Analytical electron microscopy and spectroscopy of biological specimens, polymers, and other beam sensitive materials has been a challenging area due to irradiation damage. There is a pressing need to develop novel imaging and spectroscopic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-14 Yan Zhang , G. M. Dilshan Godaliyadda , Nicola Ferrier , Emine B. Gulsoy , Charles A. Bouman , Charudatta Phatak

Diffusion models have achieved state-of-the-art performance in generative modeling, yet their sampling procedures remain vulnerable to hallucinations-often stemming from inaccuracies in score approximation. In this work, we reinterpret…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yiqi Tian , Pengfei Jin , Mingze Yuan , Na Li , Bo Zeng , Quanzheng Li

The increasing demand for reliable connectivity in industrial environments necessitates effective spectrum utilization strategies, especially in the context of shared spectrum bands. However, the dynamic spectrum-sharing mechanisms often…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-03 Sicheng Liu , Qun Wang , Zhuwei Qin , Weishan Zhang , Jingyi Wang , Xiang Ma

Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) has emerged as a powerful label-free three-dimensional (3D) bioimaging techniques for observing living cells and thin tissue layers. We report a new reflection-mode ODT (rODT) method for imaging thick…

We extend Regularised Diffusion-Shock (RDS) filtering from Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}_2$ [1] to position-orientation space $\mathbb{M}_2 \cong \mathbb{R}^2 \times S^1$. This has numerous advantages, e.g. making it possible to enhance and…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-03-20 Finn M. Sherry , Kristina Schaefer , Remco Duits

Intelligent surgical robots have the potential to revolutionize clinical practice by enabling more precise and automated surgical procedures. However, the automation of such robot for surgical tasks remains under-explored compared to recent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Chonlam Ho , Jianshu Hu , Lei Song , Hesheng Wang , Qi Dou , Yutong Ban