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This paper introduces LLM-MARL, a unified framework that incorporates large language models (LLMs) into multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) to enhance coordination, communication, and generalization in simulated game environments. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Zhengyang Li , Sawyer Campos , Nana Wang

Medical Decision-Making (MDM) is a multi-faceted process that requires clinicians to assess complex multi-modal patient data patient, often collaboratively. Large Language Models (LLMs) promise to streamline this process by synthesizing…

Visual navigation tasks are critical for household service robots. As these tasks become increasingly complex, effective communication and collaboration among multiple robots become imperative to ensure successful completion. In recent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Pengying Wu , Yao Mu , Kangjie Zhou , Ji Ma , Junting Chen , Chang Liu

Ensembling large language models (LLMs) can effectively combine diverse strengths of different models, offering a promising approach to enhance performance across various tasks. However, existing methods typically rely on fixed weighting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yuqian Fu , Yuanheng Zhu , Jiajun Chai , Guojun Yin , Wei Lin , Qichao Zhang , Dongbin Zhao

Large Language Model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems are increasingly applied to automate computational workflows in science and engineering. However, how inter-agent dynamics influence reasoning quality and verification reliability remains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Chuan Tian , Yilei Zhang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has demonstrated excellent decision-making potential in platoon coordination problems. However, due to the variability of coordination goals, the complexity of the decision problem, and the time-consumption of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Dixiao Wei , Peng Yi , Jinlong Lei , Yiguang Hong , Yuchuan Du

Learning cooperative multi-agent policies directly from high-dimensional, multimodal sensory inputs like pixels and audio (from pixels) is notoriously sample-inefficient. Model-free Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) algorithms…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Sureyya Akin , Kavita Srivastava , Prateek B. Kapoor , Pradeep G. Sethi , Sunita Q. Patel , Rahu Srivastava

In this paper, we study the problem of robust cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (RL) where a large number of cooperative agents with distributed information aim to learn policies in the presence of \emph{stochastic} and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Muhammad Aneeq uz Zaman , Mathieu Laurière , Alec Koppel , Tamer Başar

Agents powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated impressive capabilities in various tasks. Still, they face limitations in tasks requiring specific, structured knowledge, flexibility, or accountable decision-making.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Kostas Hatalis , Despina Christou , Vyshnavi Kondapalli

Grounding the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs) for embodied tasks is challenging due to the complexity of the physical world. Especially, LLM planning for multi-agent collaboration requires communication of agents or credit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yang Zhang , Shixin Yang , Chenjia Bai , Fei Wu , Xiu Li , Zhen Wang , Xuelong Li

We consider model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) in 2-agent, high-fidelity continuous control problems -- an important domain for robots interacting with other agents in the same workspace. For non-trivial dynamical systems, MBRL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-04 Orr Krupnik , Igor Mordatch , Aviv Tamar

Recent research on Reasoning of Large Language Models (LLMs) has sought to further enhance their performance by integrating meta-thinking -- enabling models to monitor, evaluate, and control their reasoning processes for more adaptive and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Ziyu Wan , Yunxiang Li , Xiaoyu Wen , Yan Song , Hanjing Wang , Linyi Yang , Mark Schmidt , Jun Wang , Weinan Zhang , Shuyue Hu , Ying Wen

As agentic AI becomes more widespread, agents with distinct and possibly conflicting goals will interact in complex ways. These multi-agent interactions pose a fundamental challenge, particularly in social dilemmas, where agents' individual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Dereck Piche , Mohammed Muqeeth , Milad Aghajohari , Juan Duque , Michael Noukhovitch , Aaron Courville

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has transformed information access and reasoning through open-ended natural language interaction. However, LLMs remain limited by static knowledge, factual hallucinations, and the inability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Minhua Lin , Zongyu Wu , Zhichao Xu , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Qi He , Charu Aggarwal , Hui Liu , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has shown great potential for autonomous decision-making in the cybersecurity domain, enabling agents to learn through direct environment interaction. However, RL agents in Autonomous Cyber Operations (ACO)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Konur Tholl , François Rivest , Mariam El Mezouar , Adrian Taylor , Ranwa Al Mallah

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable results across diverse downstream tasks, but their monolithic nature restricts scalability and efficiency in complex problem-solving. While recent research explores multi-agent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yufan Dang , Chen Qian , Xueheng Luo , Jingru Fan , Zihao Xie , Ruijie Shi , Weize Chen , Cheng Yang , Xiaoyin Che , Ye Tian , Xuantang Xiong , Lei Han , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Recent progress in large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent collaboration highlights the power of structured communication in enabling collective intelligence. However, existing methods largely rely on static or graph-based inter-agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Song Wang , Zhen Tan , Zihan Chen , Shuang Zhou , Tianlong Chen , Jundong Li

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated substantial capabilities in enhancing communication and coordination in multi-robot systems. However, existing methods often struggle to achieve efficient collaboration…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jiazhao Liang , Hao Huang , Yu Hao , Geeta Chandra Raju Bethala , Congcong Wen , John-Ross Rizzo , Yi Fang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a pivotal technique for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) on specific tasks. However, prevailing RL fine-tuning methods predominantly rely on PPO and its variants. Though these algorithms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Hao Ma , Tianyi Hu , Zhiqiang Pu , Boyin Liu , Xiaolin Ai , Yanyan Liang , Min Chen

Owing to the impressive general intelligence of large language models (LLMs), there has been a growing trend to integrate them into recommender systems to gain a more profound insight into human interests and intentions. Existing LLMs-based…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Chuang Zhao , Xing Su , Ming He , Hongke Zhao , Jianping Fan , Xiaomeng Li