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Recommender Systems have been widely used to help users in finding what they are looking for thus tackling the information overload problem. After several years of research and industrial findings looking after better algorithms to improve…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-07-18 Vito Bellini , Angelo Schiavone , Tommaso Di Noia , Azzurra Ragone , Eugenio Di Sciascio

Explainability has become a crucial concern in today's world, aiming to enhance transparency in machine learning and deep learning models. Information retrieval is no exception to this trend. In existing literature on explainability of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Bhavik Chandna , Procheta Sen

Conversational recommender systems (CRSs) are designed to suggest the target item that the user is likely to prefer through multi-turn conversations. Recent studies stress that capturing sentiments in user conversations improves…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Heejin Kook , Junyoung Kim , Seongmin Park , Jongwuk Lee

The increasing use of Machine Learning (ML) models to aid decision-making in high-stakes industries demands explainability to facilitate trust. Counterfactual Explanations (CEs) are ideally suited for this, as they can offer insights into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Junqi Jiang , Luca Marzari , Aaryan Purohit , Francesco Leofante

We examine counterfactual explanations for explaining the decisions made by model-based AI systems. The counterfactual approach we consider defines an explanation as a set of the system's data inputs that causally drives the decision (i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Carlos Fernández-Loría , Foster Provost , Xintian Han

Recommender systems are central to digital platforms, yet they face a fundamental trade-off between accuracy and explainability. Black-box models achieve strong performance but lack interpretability needed for trust and adoption. Existing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yuyan Wang , Pan Li , Minmin Chen

Machine learning models that automate decision-making are increasingly used in consequential areas such as loan approvals, pretrial bail approval, and hiring. Unfortunately, most of these models are black boxes, i.e., they are unable to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Sopam Dasgupta , Joaquín Arias , Elmer Salazar , Gopal Gupta

Large proprietary language models exhibit strong causal reasoning abilities that smaller open-source models struggle to replicate. We introduce a novel framework for distilling causal explanations that transfers causal reasoning skills from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Aggrey Muhebwa , Khalid K. Osman

Recent research has explored using Large Language Models for recommendation tasks by transforming user interaction histories and item metadata into text prompts, then having the LLM produce rankings or recommendations. A promising approach…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Bo Ma , LuYao Liu , Simon Lau , Chandler Yuan , and XueY Cui , Rosie Zhang

Causal inference remains a fundamental challenge for large language models. Recent advances in internal reasoning with large language models have sparked interest in whether state-of-the-art reasoning models can robustly perform causal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Kacper Kadziolka , Saber Salehkaleybar

Despite alarm over the reliance of machine learning systems on so-called spurious patterns, the term lacks coherent meaning in standard statistical frameworks. However, the language of causality offers clarity: spurious associations are due…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Divyansh Kaushik , Eduard Hovy , Zachary C. Lipton

The feedback data of recommender systems are often subject to what was exposed to the users; however, most learning and evaluation methods do not account for the underlying exposure mechanism. We first show in theory that applying…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Da Xu , Chuanwei Ruan , Evren Korpeoglu , Sushant Kumar , Kannan Achan

This paper investigates the prospects of using directive explanations to assist people in achieving recourse of machine learning decisions. Directive explanations list which specific actions an individual needs to take to achieve their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Ronal Singh , Paul Dourish , Piers Howe , Tim Miller , Liz Sonenberg , Eduardo Velloso , Frank Vetere

In this paper we look at popular fairness methods that use causal counterfactuals. These methods capture the intuitive notion that a prediction is fair if it coincides with the prediction that would have been made if someone's race, gender…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-12-12 Jake Fawkes , Robin Evans , Dino Sejdinovic

State-of-the-art recommender system (RS) mostly rely on complex deep neural network (DNN) model structure, which makes it difficult to provide explanations along with RS decisions. Previous researchers have proved that providing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Zhichao Xu , Yi Han , Tao Yang , Anh Tran , Qingyao Ai

Survivor bias in observational data leads the optimization of recommender systems towards local optima. Currently most solutions re-mines existing human-system collaboration patterns to maximize longer-term satisfaction by reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Jialin Liu , Xinyan Su , Peng Zhou , Xiangyu Zhao , Jun Li

Automated decision making is used routinely throughout our everyday life. Recommender systems decide which jobs, movies, or other user profiles might be interesting to us. Spell checkers help us to make good use of language. Fraud detection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Alexander Jung , Pedro H. J. Nardelli

A reliable knowledge structure is a prerequisite for building effective adaptive learning systems and intelligent tutoring systems. Pursuing an explainable and trustworthy knowledge structure, we propose a method for constructing causal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Yuang Wei , Yizhou Zhou , Yuan-Hao Jiang , Bo Jiang

Prescriptions, or actionable recommendations, are commonly generated across various fields to influence key outcomes such as improving public health, enhancing economic policies, or increasing business efficiency. While traditional…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Benton Li , Nativ Levy , Brit Youngmann , Sainyam Galhotra , Sudeepa Roy

A key distinguishing feature of conversational recommender systems over traditional recommender systems is their ability to elicit user preferences using natural language. Currently, the predominant approach to preference elicitation is to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Ivica Kostric , Krisztian Balog , Filip Radlinski