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Many high-performing machine learning models are not interpretable. As they are increasingly used in decision scenarios that can critically affect individuals, it is necessary to develop tools to better understand their outputs. Popular…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Laura State , Salvatore Ruggieri , Franco Turini

Recent work on counterfactual visual explanations has contributed to making artificial intelligence models more explainable by providing visual perturbation to flip the prediction. However, these approaches neglect the causal relationships…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yiran Qiao , Disheng Liu , Yiren Lu , Yu Yin , Mengnan Du , Jing Ma

Explanations are well-known to improve recommender systems' transparency. These explanations may be local, explaining an individual recommendation, or global, explaining the recommender model in general. Despite their widespread use, there…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Marissa Radensky , Doug Downey , Kyle Lo , Zoran Popović , Daniel S. Weld

Causality is receiving increasing attention by the artificial intelligence and machine learning communities. This paper gives an example of modelling a recommender system problem using causal graphs. Specifically, we approached the causal…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Emanuele Cavenaghi , Fabio Stella , Markus Zanker

Explaining to users why some items are recommended is critical, as it can help users to make better decisions, increase their satisfaction, and gain their trust in recommender systems (RS). However, existing explainable RS usually consider…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Lei Li , Yongfeng Zhang , Li Chen

Counterfactual explanations (CFEs) offer a tangible and actionable way to explain recommendations by showing users a "what-if" scenario that demonstrates how small changes in their history would alter the system's output. However, existing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Arjan Hasami , Masoud Mansoury

Generating natural language explanations for recommendations has become increasingly important in recommender systems. Traditional approaches typically treat user reviews as ground truth for explanations and focus on improving review…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jingsen Zhang , Zihang Tian , Xueyang Feng , Xu Chen

Despite the increasing effectiveness of language models, their reasoning capabilities remain underdeveloped. In particular, causal reasoning through counterfactual question answering is lacking. This work aims to bridge this gap. We first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Alihan Hüyük , Xinnuo Xu , Jacqueline Maasch , Aditya V. Nori , Javier González

Despite the potential impact of explanations on decision making, there is a lack of research on quantifying their effect on users' choices. This paper presents an experimental protocol for measuring the degree to which positively or…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Krisztian Balog , Filip Radlinski , Andrey Petrov

Conversational recommender systems have demonstrated great success. They can accurately capture a user's current detailed preference -- through a multi-round interaction cycle -- to effectively guide users to a more personalized…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Allen Lin , Ziwei Zhu , Jianling Wang , James Caverlee

Explainable Recommendation has been gaining attention over the last few years in industry and academia. Explanations provided along with recommendations in a recommender system framework have many uses: particularly reasoning why a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Sairamvinay Vijayaraghavan , Prasant Mohapatra

Recommender systems aim to help users find relevant items more quickly by providing personalized recommendations. Explanations in recommender systems help users understand why such recommendations have been generated, which in turn makes…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Jinfeng Zhong , Elsa Negre

Recommender systems employ machine learning models to learn from historical data to predict the preferences of users. Deep neural network (DNN) models such as neural collaborative filtering (NCF) are increasingly popular. However, the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Gang Liu , Zhihan Zhang , Zheng Ning , Meng Jiang

Counterfactual explanations are a widely used approach in Explainable AI, offering actionable insights into decision-making by illustrating how small changes to input data can lead to different outcomes. Despite their importance, evaluating…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Marharyta Domnich , Rasmus Moorits Veski , Julius Välja , Kadi Tulver , Raul Vicente

Explaining automatically generated recommendations allows users to make more informed and accurate decisions about which results to utilize, and therefore improves their satisfaction. In this work, we develop a multi-task learning solution…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-06-13 Nan Wang , Hongning Wang , Yiling Jia , Yue Yin

Concept-driven counterfactuals explain decisions of classifiers by altering the model predictions through semantic changes. In this paper, we present a novel approach that leverages cross-modal decompositionality and image-specific concepts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Alina Elena Baia , Andrea Cavallaro

Although standard Machine Learning models are optimized for making predictions about observations, more and more they are used for making predictions about the results of actions. An important goal of Explainable Artificial Intelligence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Sander Beckers

Causality is receiving increasing attention in the Recommendation Systems (RSs) community, which has realised that RSs could greatly benefit from causality to transform accurate predictions into effective and explainable decisions. Indeed,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Emanuele Cavenaghi , Alessio Zanga , Fabio Stella , Markus Zanker

Reviews contain rich information about product characteristics and user interests and thus are commonly used to boost recommender system performance. Specifically, previous work show that jointly learning to perform review generation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Zhouhang Xie , Julian McAuley , Bodhisattwa Prasad Majumder

Providing user-understandable explanations to justify recommendations could help users better understand the recommended items, increase the system's ease of use, and gain users' trust. A typical approach to realize it is natural language…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Lei Li , Yongfeng Zhang , Li Chen