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Vision-language models (VLMs) can learn high-quality representations from a large-scale training dataset of image-text pairs. Prompt learning is a popular approach to fine-tuning VLM to adapt them to downstream tasks. Despite the satisfying…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zhifang Zhang , Yuwei Niu , Xin Liu , Beibei Li

Large language models (LLMs) have become the cornerstone of modern AI. However, the existing paradigm of next-token prediction fundamentally limits their ability to form coherent, high-level concepts, making it a critical barrier to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Michael K. Chen , Xikun Zhang , Jiaxing Huang , Dacheng Tao

Deep long-tailed learning, one of the most challenging problems in visual recognition, aims to train well-performing deep models from a large number of images that follow a long-tailed class distribution. In the last decade, deep learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Yifan Zhang , Bingyi Kang , Bryan Hooi , Shuicheng Yan , Jiashi Feng

Ensuring robust performance on long-tail examples is an important problem for many real-world applications of machine learning, such as autonomous driving. This work focuses on the problem of identifying rare examples within a corpus of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Mao Ye , Gregory P. Meyer , Zaiwei Zhang , Dennis Park , Siva Karthik Mustikovela , Yuning Chai , Eric M Wolff

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a global model without disclosing their data. Previous researches often require training the complete model parameters. However, the emergence of powerful pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Shangchao Su , Mingzhao Yang , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

Deep neural networks frequently suffer from performance degradation when the training data is long-tailed because several majority classes dominate the training, resulting in a biased model. Recent studies have made a great effort in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Mengke Li , Yiu-ming Cheung , Juyong Jiang

Existing approaches for unsupervised 3D point cloud segmentation predominantly rely on a purely visual similarity-based learning-by-clustering paradigm, which suffers from a fundamental limitation: long-tail ambiguity. In such a paradigm,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Siqi Wei , Hongbin Xu , Feng Xiao , Tian Lan , Chun Li , Ming Li , Qiuxia Wu

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) have shown impressive performance on various downstream tasks by utilizing knowledge learned from large data. In general, the performance of VLMs on target tasks can be further improved by prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Eulrang Cho , Jooyeon Kim , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Real-world datasets often exhibit class imbalance across multiple categories, manifesting as long-tailed distributions and few-shot scenarios. This is especially challenging in Class-Imbalanced Multi-Label Image Classification (CI-MLIC)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Sheng Huang , Jiexuan Yan , Beiyan Liu , Bo Liu , Richang Hong

The fine-tuning paradigm in addressing long-tail learning tasks has sparked significant interest since the emergence of foundation models. Nonetheless, how fine-tuning impacts performance in long-tail learning was not explicitly quantified.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Jiang-Xin Shi , Tong Wei , Zhi Zhou , Jie-Jing Shao , Xin-Yan Han , Yu-Feng Li

Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated exceptional generalization capabilities for downstream tasks. Due to its efficiency, prompt learning has gradually become a more effective and efficient method for transferring VLMs to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chenhao Ding , Xinyuan Gao , Songlin Dong , Jizhou Han , Qiang Wang , Zhengdong Zhou , Yuhang He , Yihong Gong

This paper introduces a two-stage framework designed to enhance long-tail class incremental learning, enabling the model to progressively learn new classes, while mitigating catastrophic forgetting in the context of long-tailed data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Jayateja Kalla , Soma Biswas

Large pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP), have exhibited remarkable zero-shot performance across various image classification tasks. Fine-tuning these models on domain-specific…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Mengjun Yi , Hanwen Zhang , Hui Dou , Jian Zhao , Furao Shen

Prompt learning in pretrained visual-language models has shown remarkable flexibility across various downstream tasks. Leveraging its inherent lightweight nature, recent research attempted to integrate the powerful pretrained models into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Hongxia Li , Wei Huang , Jingya Wang , Ye Shi

Prompt learning has recently become a very efficient transfer learning paradigm for Contrastive Language Image Pretraining (CLIP) models. Compared with fine-tuning the entire encoder, prompt learning can obtain highly competitive results by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Guoyizhe Wei , Feng Wang , Anshul Shah , Rama Chellappa

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have demonstrated impressive capability in visual tasks, but their fine-tuning often suffers from bias in class-imbalanced scene. Recent works have introduced large language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Yongju Jia , Jiarui Ma , Xiangxian Li , Baiqiao Zhang , Xianhui Cao , Juan Liu , Yulong Bian

Recently, large-scale pre-trained vision-language models have presented benefits for alleviating class imbalance in long-tailed recognition. However, the long-tailed data distribution can corrupt the representation space, where the distance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Siming Fu , Xiaoxuan He , Xinpeng Ding , Yuchen Cao , Hualiang Wang

Federated continual learning (FCL) tackles scenarios of learning from continuously emerging task data across distributed clients, where the key challenge lies in addressing both temporal forgetting over time and spatial forgetting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Kunlun Xu , Yibo Feng , Jiangmeng Li , Yongsheng Qi , Jiahuan Zhou

The continual learning (CL) ability is vital for deploying large language models (LLMs) in the dynamic world. Existing methods devise the learning module to acquire task-specific knowledge with parameter-efficient tuning (PET) block and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Weixiang Zhao , Shilong Wang , Yulin Hu , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin , Xuanyu Zhang , Qing Yang , Dongliang Xu , Wanxiang Che

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) have shown remarkable generalization capabilities via prompting, which leverages VLMs as knowledge bases to extract information beneficial for downstream tasks. However, existing methods primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Xiaoyu Qiu , Hao Feng , Yuechen Wang , Wengang Zhou , Houqiang Li