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Recent advancements in 3D reconstruction methods and vision-language models have propelled the development of multi-modal 3D scene understanding, which has vital applications in robotics, autonomous driving, and virtual/augmented reality.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Qucheng Peng , Benjamin Planche , Zhongpai Gao , Meng Zheng , Anwesa Choudhuri , Terrence Chen , Chen Chen , Ziyan Wu

Lifting 2D open-vocabulary understanding into 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) scenes is a critical challenge. Mainstream methods, built on an embedding paradigm, suffer from three key flaws: (i) geometry-semantic inconsistency, where points,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Jiayu Ding , Xinpeng Liu , Zhiyi Pan , Shiqiang Long , Ge Li

This paper reports on a dynamic semantic mapping framework that incorporates 3D scene flow measurements into a closed-form Bayesian inference model. Existence of dynamic objects in the environment can cause artifacts and traces in current…

Recent advancements in Generalizable Gaussian Splatting have enabled robust 3D reconstruction from sparse input views by utilizing feed-forward Gaussian Splatting models, achieving superior cross-scene generalization. However, while many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Zhicong Wu , Hongbin Xu , Gang Xu , Ping Nie , Zhixin Yan , Jinkai Zheng , Liangqiong Qu , Ming Li , Liqiang Nie

Semantic understanding of 3D scenes is essential for robots to operate effectively and safely in complex environments. Existing methods for semantic scene reconstruction and semantic-aware novel view synthesis often rely on dense multi-view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Sheng Ye , Zhen-Hui Dong , Ruoyu Fan , Tian Lv , Yong-Jin Liu

Image-goal navigation enables a robot to reach the location where a target image was captured, using visual cues for guidance. However, current methods either rely heavily on data and computationally expensive learning-based approaches or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Wugang Meng , Tianfu Wu , Huan Yin , Fumin Zhang

Understanding open-vocabulary 3D scenes with Gaussian-based representations remains challenging due to fragmented and spatially inconsistent semantic predictions across multi-view observations. In this paper, we present OpenGaFF, a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Kunyi Li , Michael Niemeyer , Sen Wang , Stefano Gasperini , Nassir Navab , Federico Tombari

Egocentric scenes exhibit frequent occlusions, varied viewpoints, and dynamic interactions compared to typical scene understanding tasks. Occlusions and varied viewpoints can lead to multi-view semantic inconsistencies, while dynamic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Di Li , Jie Feng , Jiahao Chen , Weisheng Dong , Guanbin Li , Guangming Shi , Licheng Jiao

We address the challenge of task-oriented navigation in unstructured and unknown environments, where robots must incrementally build and reason on rich, metric-semantic maps in real time. Since tasks may require clarification or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Dexter Ong , Yuezhan Tao , Varun Murali , Igor Spasojevic , Vijay Kumar , Pratik Chaudhari

3D semantic occupancy prediction is an important task for robust vision-centric autonomous driving, which predicts fine-grained geometry and semantics of the surrounding scene. Most existing methods leverage dense grid-based scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Yuanhui Huang , Amonnut Thammatadatrakoon , Wenzhao Zheng , Yunpeng Zhang , Dalong Du , Jiwen Lu

Gaussian Splatting has rapidly emerged as a transformative technique for real-time 3D scene representation, offering a highly efficient and expressive alternative to Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF). Its ability to render complex scenes with…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Mahmoud Chick Zaouali , Todd Charter , Yehor Karpichev , Brandon Haworth , Homayoun Najjaran

As multimodal language models advance, their application to 3D scene understanding is a fast-growing frontier, driving the development of 3D Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Current methods show strong dependence on object detectors,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Anna-Maria Halacheva , Jan-Nico Zaech , Xi Wang , Danda Pani Paudel , Luc Van Gool

Bayesian field theory denotes a nonparametric Bayesian approach for learning functions from observational data. Based on the principles of Bayesian statistics, a particular Bayesian field theory is defined by combining two models: a…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 J. C. Lemm

Bridging natural language and 3D geometry is a crucial step toward flexible, language-driven scene understanding. While recent advances in 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) have enabled fast and high-quality scene reconstruction, research has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Shaohui Dai , Yansong Qu , Zheyan Li , Xinyang Li , Shengchuan Zhang , Liujuan Cao

We propose a novel cross-spectral rendering framework based on 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) that generates realistic and semantically meaningful splats from registered multi-view spectrum and segmentation maps. This extension enhances the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Saptarshi Neil Sinha , Holger Graf , Michael Weinmann

Open-vocabulary querying in 3D space is crucial for enabling more intelligent perception in applications such as robotics, autonomous systems, and augmented reality. However, most existing methods rely on 2D pixel-level parsing, leading to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yiren Lu , Yunlai Zhou , Yiran Qiao , Chaoda Song , Tuo Liang , Jing Ma , Huan Wang , Yu Yin

A major breakthrough in 3D reconstruction is the feedforward paradigm to generate pixel-wise 3D points or Gaussian primitives from sparse, unposed images. To further incorporate semantics while avoiding the significant memory and storage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yu Sheng , Jiajun Deng , Xinran Zhang , Yu Zhang , Bei Hua , Yanyong Zhang , Jianmin Ji

Finding objects is essential for almost any daily-life visual task. Saliency models have been useful to predict fixation locations in natural images, but are static, i.e., they provide no information about the time-sequence of fixations.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-09 M. Sclar , G. Bujia , S. Vita , G. Solovey , J. E. Kamienkowski

Generating realistic 3D scenes from text is crucial for immersive applications like VR, AR, and gaming. While text-driven approaches promise efficiency, existing methods suffer from limited 3D-text data and inconsistent multi-view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xin Zhang , Shen Chen , Jiale Zhou , Lei Li

3D Gaussian Splatting has recently gained traction for its efficient training and real-time rendering. While its vanilla representation is mainly designed for view synthesis, recent works extended it to scene understanding with language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Siyun Liang , Sen Wang , Kunyi Li , Michael Niemeyer , Stefano Gasperini , Hendrik P. A. Lensch , Nassir Navab , Federico Tombari