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Related papers: Market-based Architectures in RL and Beyond

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Trading markets represent a real-world financial application to deploy reinforcement learning agents, however, they carry hard fundamental challenges such as high variance and costly exploration. Moreover, markets are inherently a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Yue Gao , Kry Yik Chau Lui , Pablo Hernandez-Leal

Investors and regulators can greatly benefit from a realistic market simulator that enables them to anticipate the consequences of their decisions in real markets. However, traditional rule-based market simulators often fall short in…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2024-04-01 Zhiyuan Yao , Zheng Li , Matthew Thomas , Ionut Florescu

In this paper, reinforcement learning is applied to the problem of optimizing market making. A multi-agent reinforcement learning framework is used to optimally place limit orders that lead to successful trades. The framework consists of…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2018-12-27 Yagna Patel

Reinforcement Learning has emerged as a promising framework for developing adaptive and data-driven strategies, enabling market makers to optimize decision-making policies based on interactions with the limit order book environment. This…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2026-02-17 Rafael Zimmer , Oswaldo Luiz do Valle Costa

Unlike traditional reinforcement learning (RL), market-based RL is in principle applicable to worlds described by partially observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs), where an agent needs to learn short-term memories of relevant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Ivo Kwee , Marcus Hutter , Juergen Schmidhuber

Market makers play an important role in providing liquidity to markets by continuously quoting prices at which they are willing to buy and sell, and managing inventory risk. In this paper, we build a multi-agent simulation of a dealer…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2019-11-15 Sumitra Ganesh , Nelson Vadori , Mengda Xu , Hua Zheng , Prashant Reddy , Manuela Veloso

Market makers play a key role in financial markets by providing liquidity. They usually fill order books with buy and sell limit orders in order to provide traders alternative price levels to operate. This paper focuses precisely on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Oscar Fernández Vicente , Fernando Fernández Rebollo , Francisco Javier García Polo

Algorithmic collusion has emerged as a central question in AI: Will the interaction between different AI agents deployed in markets lead to collusion? More generally, understanding how emergent behavior, be it a cartel or market dominance…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Ziyi Wang , Carmine Ventre , Maria Polukarov

Market making is a fundamental trading problem in which an agent provides liquidity by continually offering to buy and sell a security. The problem is challenging due to inventory risk, the risk of accumulating an unfavourable position and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-13 Thomas Spooner , John Fearnley , Rahul Savani , Andreas Koukorinis

Data marketplaces, which mediate the purchase and exchange of data from third parties, have attracted growing attention for reducing the cost and effort of data collection while enabling the trading of diverse datasets. However, a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jun Sashihara , Yukihisa Fujita , Kota Nakamura , Masahiro Kuwahara , Teruaki Hayashi

Reinforcement learning algorithms describe how an agent can learn an optimal action policy in a sequential decision process, through repeated experience. In a given environment, the agent policy provides him some running and terminal…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-03-24 Arthur Charpentier , Romuald Elie , Carl Remlinger

Market making (MM) is an important research topic in quantitative finance, the agent needs to continuously optimize ask and bid quotes to provide liquidity and make profits. The limit order book (LOB) contains information on all active…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-05-26 Hong Guo , Jianwu Lin , Fanlin Huang

We apply Reinforcement Learning algorithms to solve the classic quantitative finance Market Making problem, in which an agent provides liquidity to the market by placing buy and sell orders while maximizing a utility function. The optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Matias Selser , Javier Kreiner , Manuel Maurette

We study a game between liquidity provider and liquidity taker agents interacting in an over-the-counter market, for which the typical example is foreign exchange. We show how a suitable design of parameterized families of reward functions…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Nelson Vadori , Leo Ardon , Sumitra Ganesh , Thomas Spooner , Selim Amrouni , Jared Vann , Mengda Xu , Zeyu Zheng , Tucker Balch , Manuela Veloso

Agent-based models provide a constructive approach to studying emergent dynamics in life-like systems composed of interacting, adaptive agents. Financial markets serve as a canonical example of such systems, where collective price dynamics…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-04-28 Ryuji Hashimoto , Ryosuke Takata , Masahiro Suzuki , Yuki Tanaka , Kiyoshi Izumi

Agent-based modeling is a powerful simulation technique to understand the collective behavior and microscopic interaction in complex financial systems. Recently, the concept for determining the key parameters of the agent-based models from…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2017-03-21 T. T. Chen , B. Zheng , Y. Li , X. F. Jiang

In this paper, we explore using deep reinforcement learning for problems with multiple agents. Most existing methods for deep multi-agent reinforcement learning consider only a small number of agents. When the number of agents increases,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Arbaaz Khan , Clark Zhang , Daniel D. Lee , Vijay Kumar , Alejandro Ribeiro

Agent-based models (ABMs) are simulation models used in economics to overcome some of the limitations of traditional frameworks based on general equilibrium assumptions. However, agents within an ABM follow predetermined 'bounded rational'…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Simone Brusatin , Tommaso Padoan , Andrea Coletta , Domenico Delli Gatti , Aldo Glielmo

The field of artificial intelligence (AI) agents is evolving rapidly, driven by the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) to autonomously perform and refine tasks with human-like efficiency and adaptability. In this context,…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-08-18 Tianjiao Zhao , Jingrao Lyu , Stokes Jones , Harrison Garber , Stefano Pasquali , Dhagash Mehta

This thesis presents the results of a comprehensive research project focused on applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to the problem of market making in financial markets. Market makers (MMs) play a fundamental role in providing liquidity,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Óscar Fernández Vicente
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