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Quantum error correction plays an important role in fault-tolerant quantum information processing. It is usually difficult to experimentally realize quantum error correction, as it requires multiple qubits and quantum gates with high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-10 Qihao Guo , Yuan-Yuan Zhao , Markus Grassl , Xinfang Nie , Guo-Yong Xiang , Tao Xin , Zhang-Qi Yin , Bei Zeng

A successful quantum error correction protocol would allow quantum computers to run algorithms without suffering from the effects of noise. However, fully fault-tolerant quantum error correction is too resource intensive for existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-29 Chris N. Self , Marcello Benedetti , David Amaro

We discuss stabilizer quantum-error correction codes implemented in a single multi-level qudit to avoid resource escalation typical of multi-qubit codes. These codes can be customized to the specific physical errors on the qudit,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-16 Matteo Mezzadri , Alessandro Chiesa , Luca Lepori , Stefano Carretta

In near-term quantum computations that do not employ error correction, noise can proliferate rapidly, corrupting the quantum state and making results unreliable. These errors originate from both decoherence and control imprecision. The…

Quantum error correction (QEC) plays a critical role in preventing information loss in quantum systems and provides a framework for reliable quantum computation. Identifying quantum codes with nice code parameters for physically motivated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Sourav Dutta , Debjyoti Biswas , Prabha Mandayam

Contrary to the assumption that most quantum error-correcting codes (QECC) make, it is expected that phase errors are much more likely than bit errors in physical devices. By employing the entanglement-assisted stabilizer formalism, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-04-27 Yuichiro Fujiwara , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

High-rate and large-distance quantum codes are expected to make fault-tolerant quantum computing more efficient, but most of them lack efficient fault-tolerant encoded-state preparation methods. We propose such a fault-tolerant encoder for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-22 Naoyuki Kanomata , Hayato Goto

We introduce a purely graph-theoretical object, namely the coding clique, to construct quantum errorcorrecting codes. Almost all quantum codes constructed so far are stabilizer (additive) codes and the construction of nonadditive codes,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-09-13 Sixia Yu , Qing Chen , C. H. Oh

Coherent parity check (CPC) codes are a new framework for the construction of quantum error correction codes that encode multiple qubits per logical block. CPC codes have a canonical structure involving successive rounds of bit and phase…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-08 Joschka Roffe , David Headley , Nicholas Chancellor , Dominic Horsman , Viv Kendon

Orthogonal geometric constructions are the basis of many many quantum error-correcting codes (QEC), but strict orthogonality constraints limit design flexibility and resource efficiency. We introduce a quasi-orthogonal geometric framework…

Encoding quantum information in a quantum error correction (QEC) code offers protection against decoherence and enhances the fidelity of qubits and gate operations. One of the fundamental challenges of QEC is to construct codes with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Jasper Johannes Postema , Servaas J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans

Quantum error correction protects fragile quantum information by encoding it into a larger quantum system. These extra degrees of freedom enable the detection and correction of errors, but also increase the operational complexity of the…

We analyze the long time behavior of a quantum computer running a quantum error correction (QEC) code in the presence of a correlated environment. Starting from a Hamiltonian formulation of realistic noise models, and assuming that QEC is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-07-11 E. Novais , Eduardo R. Mucciolo , Harold U. Baranger

Powerful Quantum Error Correction Codes (QECCs) are required for stabilizing and protecting fragile qubits against the undesirable effects of quantum decoherence. Similar to classical codes, hashing bound approaching QECCs may be designed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-10 Zunaira Babar , Panagiotis Botsinis , Dimitrios Alanis , Soon Xin Ng , Lajos Hanzo

We study, by means of the stabilizer formalism, a quantum error correcting code which is alternative to the standard block codes since it embeds a qubit into a qudit. The code exploits the non-commutative geometry of discrete phase space to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Carlo Cafaro , Federico Maiolini , Stefano Mancini

Quantum error correction (QEC), the lynchpin of fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC), is designed and validated against well-behaved Pauli stochastic error models. But in real-world deployment, QEC protocols encounter a vast array of…

This paper proves the threshold result, which asserts that quantum computation can be made robust against errors and inaccuracies, when the error rate, $\eta$, is smaller than a constant threshold, $\eta_c$. The result holds for a very…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dorit Aharonov , Michael Ben-Or

With gate error rates in multiple technologies now below the threshold required for fault-tolerant quantum computation, the major remaining obstacle to useful quantum computation is scaling, a challenge greatly amplified by the huge…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-09 Kianna Wan , Soonwon Choi , Isaac H. Kim , Noah Shutty , Patrick Hayden

Quantum error correction (QEC) is an essential concept for any quantum information processing device. Typically, QEC is designed with minimal assumptions about the noise process; this generic assumption exacts a high cost in efficiency and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-06-26 Andrew S. Fletcher

Recent progress in quantum computing has enabled systems with tens of reliable logical qubits, built from thousands of noisy physical qubits. However, many impactful applications demand quantum computations with millions of logical qubits,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Daiki Komoto , Kenta Kasai