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The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising quantum approach for tackling combinatorial optimization problems. However, hardware constraints such as limited scaling and susceptibility to noise pose significant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-19 Bao G Bach , Filip B. Maciejewski , Ilya Safro

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is designed to run on a gate model quantum computer and has shallow depth. It takes as input a combinatorial optimization problem and outputs a string that satisfies a high fraction of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-22 Edward Farhi , Aram W Harrow

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a near-term quantum algorithm aimed at solving combinatorial optimization problems. Since its introduction, various generalizations have emerged, spanning modifications to the initial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-18 Truman Yu Ng , Jin Ming Koh , Dax Enshan Koh

Quantum computing exploits basic quantum phenomena such as state superposition and entanglement to perform computations. The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is arguably one of the leading quantum algorithms that can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Sami Khairy , Ruslan Shaydulin , Lukasz Cincio , Yuri Alexeev , Prasanna Balaprakash

We introduce a method for solving combinatorial optimization problems on digital quantum computers, where we incorporate auxiliary counterdiabatic (CD) terms into the adiabatic Hamiltonian, while integrating bias terms derived from an…

Variational quantum algorithms are believed to be promising for solving computationally hard problems and are often comprised of repeated layers of quantum gates. An example thereof is the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA),…

Combinatorial optimization is widely regarded as a primary application for near-term quantum processors, although a definitive demonstration of the practical quantum advantage remains elusive. Recent studies have reported that both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Xian-Zhe Tao , Pavel Mosharev , Man-Hong Yung

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) applies two Hamiltonians to a quantum system in alternation. The original goal of the algorithm was to drive the system close to the ground state of one of the Hamiltonians. This paper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-31 Seth Lloyd

Quantum computing holds the potential for quantum advantage in optimization problems, which requires advances in quantum algorithms and hardware specifications. Adiabatic quantum optimization is conceptually a valid solution that suffers…

While the ultimate goal of solving computationally intractable problems is to find a provably optimal solutions, practical constraints of real-world scenarios often necessitate focusing on efficiently obtaining high-quality, near-optimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-23 Prashanti Priya Angara , Emily Martins , Ulrike Stege , Hausi Müller

Quantum algorithms can be used to perform unsupervised machine learning tasks like data clustering by mapping the distance between data points to a graph optimization problem (i.e. MAXCUT) and finding optimal solution through energy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-08 Daniel Beaulieu , Anh Pham

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising variational algorithm for solving combinatorial optimization problems on near-term devices. However, as the number of layers in a QAOA circuit increases, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Owain Parry , Phil McMinn

Exploring the application of quantum technologies to fundamental sciences holds the key to fostering innovation for both sides. In high-energy particle collisions, quarks and gluons are produced and immediately form collimated particle…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Yongfeng Zhu , Weifeng Zhuang , Chen Qian , Yunheng Ma , Dong E. Liu , Manqi Ruan , Chen Zhou

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a promising quantum algorithm that can be used to approximately solve combinatorial optimization problems. The usual QAOA ansatz consists of an alternating application of the cost and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-01 Anthony Wilkie , Igor Gaidai , James Ostrowski , Rebekah Herrman

Quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) tasks are very important in chemistry, finance, job scheduling, and so on, which can be represented using graph structures, with the variables as nodes and the interaction between them as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-10 Yuhan Huang , Ferris Prima Nugraha , Siyuan Jin , Yichi Zhang , Bei Zeng , Qiming Shao

Molecular docking is a critical computational method in drug discovery used to predict the binding conformation and orientation of a ligand within a protein's binding site. Mapping this challenge onto a graph-based problem, specifically the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 Mathieu Garrigues , Victor Onofre , Wesley Coelho , S. Acheche

As quantum computing advances, quantum approximate optimization algorithms (QAOA) have shown promise in addressing combinatorial optimization problems. However, the limitations of Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices hinder the…

Molecular docking is a crucial phase in drug discovery, involving the precise determination of the optimal spatial arrangement between two molecules when they bind. The such analysis, the 3D structure of molecules is a fundamental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-04 Arit Kumar Bishwas , Arish Pitchai , Anuraj Som

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising candidate for achieving quantum advantage in combinatorial optimization. However, its variational framework presents a long-standing challenge in selecting circuit parameters.…

Conformation generation, also known as molecular unfolding (MU), is a crucial step in structure-based drug design, remaining a challenging combinatorial optimization problem. Quantum annealing (QA) has shown great potential for solving…