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Most real world applications require dealing with stochasticity like sensor noise or predictive uncertainty, where formal specifications of desired behavior are inherently probabilistic. Despite the promise of formal verification in…

We introduce a primal-dual framework for solving linearly constrained nonconvex composite optimization problems. Our approach is based on a newly developed Lagrangian, which incorporates \emph{false penalty} and dual smoothing terms. This…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-21 Jong Gwang Kim

Cross-resolution land cover mapping aims to produce high-resolution semantic predictions from coarse or low-resolution supervision, yet the severe resolution mismatch makes effective learning highly challenging. Existing weakly supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Peng Gao , Ke Li , Di Wang , Yongshan Zhu , Yiming Zhang , Xuemei Luo , Yifeng Wang

Image super-resolution pursuits reconstructing high-fidelity high-resolution counterpart for low-resolution image. In recent years, diffusion-based models have garnered significant attention due to their capabilities with rich prior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Aiwen Jiang , Zhi Wei , Long Peng , Feiqiang Liu , Wenbo Li , Mingwen Wang

The rapid evolution of deep generative models poses a critical challenge to deepfake detection, as detectors trained on forgery-specific artifacts often suffer significant performance degradation when encountering unseen forgeries. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Mengyu Qiao , Runze Tian , Yang Wang

Monocular depth estimation is an ill-posed problem as the same 2D image can be projected from infinite 3D scenes. Although the leading algorithms in this field have reported significant improvement, they are essentially geared to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Xiaodong Yang , Zhuang Ma , Zhiyu Ji , Zhe Ren

Discrete diffusion models generate structured sequences by progressively unmasking tokens, but enforcing global property constraints during generation remains an open challenge. We propose primal-dual guided decoding, an inference-time…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Federico Tomasi , Dmitrii Moor , Alice Wang , Mounia Lalmas

Recent advances in diffusion models have demonstrated impressive capability in generating high-quality images for simple prompts. However, when confronted with complex prompts involving multiple objects and hierarchical structures, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Hongji Yang , Yucheng Zhou , Wencheng Han , Runzhou Tao , Zhongying Qiu , Jianfei Yang , Jianbing Shen

The low-quality structure in raw depth maps is prevalent in real-world RGB-D datasets, which makes real-world depth recovery a critical task in recent years. However, the lack of paired raw-ground truth (raw-GT) data in the real world poses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Delong Suzhang , Meng Yang

Supervised and preference-based fine-tuning techniques have become popular for aligning large language models (LLMs) with user intent and correctness criteria. However, real-world training data often exhibits spurious correlations --…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Julia Shuieh , Prasann Singhal , Apaar Shanker , John Heyer , George Pu , Samuel Denton

Foreground segmentation is a fundamental task in computer vision, encompassing various subdivision tasks. Previous research has typically designed task-specific architectures for each task, leading to a lack of unification. Moreover, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Zuyao You , Lingyu Kong , Lingchen Meng , Zuxuan Wu

Image guidance is an effective strategy for depth super-resolution. Generally, most existing methods employ hand-crafted operators to decompose the high-frequency (HF) and low-frequency (LF) ingredients from low-resolution depth maps and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Jiayi Yuan , Haobo Jiang , Xiang Li , Jianjun Qian , Jun Li , Jian Yang

We consider the problem of realistic bokeh rendering from a single all-in-focus image. Bokeh rendering mimics aesthetic shallow depth-of-field (DoF) in professional photography, but these visual effects generated by existing methods suffer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Xianrui Luo , Juewen Peng , Ke Xian , Zijin Wu , Zhiguo Cao

This study investigates imposing hard inequality constraints on the outputs of convolutional neural networks (CNN) during training. Several recent works showed that the theoretical and practical advantages of Lagrangian optimization over…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Hoel Kervadec , Jose Dolz , Jing Yuan , Christian Desrosiers , Eric Granger , Ismail Ben Ayed

The recent explosive interest in the reasoning capabilities of large language models, such as DeepSeek-R1, has demonstrated remarkable success through reinforcement learning-based fine-tuning frameworks, exemplified by methods like Group…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Chenbin Pan , Wenbin He , Zhengzhong Tu , Liu Ren

Ultra-high-definition (UHD) images often suffer from severe degradations such as blur, haze, rain, or low-light conditions, which pose significant challenges for image restoration due to their high resolution and computational demands. In…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-10 S. Zhao , W. Lu , B. Wang , T. Wang , K. Zhang , H. Zhao

We consider stochastic gradient methods under the interpolation regime where a perfect fit can be obtained (minimum loss at each observation). While previous work highlighted the implicit regularization of such algorithms, we consider an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-04-01 Anant Raj , Francis Bach

Collaborative perception has been proven to improve individual perception in autonomous driving through multi-agent interaction. Nevertheless, most methods often assume identical encoders for all agents, which does not hold true when these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Yushan Han , Hui Zhang , Honglei Zhang , Chuntao Ding , Yuanzhouhan Cao , Yidong Li

Prompt tuning, which adapts vision-language models by freezing model parameters and optimizing only the prompt, has proven effective for task-specific adaptations. The core challenge in prompt tuning is improving specialization for a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Dasol Hong , Wooju Lee , Hyun Myung

3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has recently emerged as a promising approach for 3D reconstruction, providing explicit, point-based representations and enabling high-quality real time rendering. However, when trained with sparse input views,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-09 Chaeyoung Jeong , Kwangsu Kim