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Although there have been automated approaches and tools supporting toxicity censorship for social posts, most of them focus on detection. Toxicity censorship is a complex process, wherein detection is just an initial task and a user can…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Yaqiong Li , Peng Zhang , Hansu Gu , Tun Lu , Siyuan Qiao , Yubo Shu , Yiyang Shao , Ning Gu

Large Language Models are widely used for content moderation but often present certain over-sensitivity, leading to misclassification of benign content and rejecting safe user commands. While previous research attributes this issue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Yuxin Wang , Botao Yu , Ivory Yang , Saeed Hassanpour , Soroush Vosoughi

Large language models (LLMs) have become integral to various real-world applications, leveraging massive, web-sourced datasets like Common Crawl, C4, and FineWeb for pretraining. While these datasets provide linguistic data essential for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Sai Krishna Mendu , Harish Yenala , Aditi Gulati , Shanu Kumar , Parag Agrawal

Disagreements are pervasive in human communication. In this paper we investigate what makes disagreement constructive. To this end, we construct WikiDisputes, a corpus of 7 425 Wikipedia Talk page conversations that contain content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Christine de Kock , Andreas Vlachos

Context: Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT are increasingly adopted in software engineering (SE) education, offering both opportunities and challenges. Their adoption requires systematic investigation to ensure responsible…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Maryam Khan , Muhammad Azeem Akbar , Jussi Kasurinen

To meet the demands of content moderation, online platforms have resorted to automated systems. Newer forms of real-time engagement($\textit{e.g.}$, users commenting on live streams) on platforms like Twitch exert additional pressures on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Prarabdh Shukla , Wei Yin Chong , Yash Patel , Brennan Schaffner , Danish Pruthi , Arjun Bhagoji

Large Language Models (LLMs), which simulate human users, are frequently employed to evaluate chatbots in applications such as tutoring and customer service. Effective evaluation necessitates a high degree of human-like diversity within…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Xiaoyu Lin , Xinkai Yu , Ankit Aich , Salvatore Giorgi , Lyle Ungar

Online texts with toxic content are a clear threat to the users on social media in particular and society in general. Although many platforms have adopted various measures (e.g., machine learning-based hate-speech detection systems) to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Yiran Ye , Thai Le , Dongwon Lee

Social media conversations frequently suffer from toxicity, creating significant issues for users, moderators, and entire communities. Events in the real world, like elections or conflicts, can initiate and escalate toxic behavior online.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Wondimagegnhue Tsegaye Tufa , Ilia Markov , Piek Vossen

We propose a system to predict harmful discussions on social media platforms. Our solution uses contextual deep language models and proposes the novel idea of integrating state-of-the-art Graph Transformer Networks to analyze all…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Liam Hebert , Lukasz Golab , Robin Cohen

In recent years, online social networks have allowed worldwide users to meet and discuss. As guarantors of these communities, the administrators of these platforms must prevent users from adopting inappropriate behaviors. This verification…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-06-17 Noé Cecillon , Vincent Labatut , Richard Dufour , Georges Linarès

The detection of sensitive content in large datasets is crucial for ensuring that shared and analysed data is free from harmful material. However, current moderation tools, such as external APIs, suffer from limitations in customisation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Dimosthenis Antypas , Indira Sen , Carla Perez-Almendros , Jose Camacho-Collados , Francesco Barbieri

Development bots are used on Github to automate repetitive activities. Such bots communicate with human actors via issue comments and pull request comments. Identifying such bot comments allows preventing bias in socio-technical studies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Mehdi Golzadeh , Alexandre Decan , Eleni Constantinou , Tom Mens

Online discourse is often perceived as polarized and unproductive. While some conversational discourse parsing frameworks are available, they do not naturally lend themselves to the analysis of contentious and polarizing discussions.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Stepan Zakharov , Omri Hadar , Tovit Hakak , Dina Grossman , Yifat Ben-David Kolikant , Oren Tsur

Language is a deep-rooted means of perpetration of stereotypes and discrimination. Large Language Models (LLMs), now a pervasive technology in our everyday lives, can cause extensive harm when prone to generating toxic responses. The…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Simone Corbo , Luca Bancale , Valeria De Gennaro , Livia Lestingi , Vincenzo Scotti , Matteo Camilli

Social coding platforms such as GitHub have become defacto environments for collaborative programming and open source. When these platforms do not support specific cognitive styles, they create barriers to programming for some populations.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Italo Santos , João Felipe Pimentel , Igor Wiese , Igor Steinmacher , Anita Sarma , Marco A. Gerosa

In the dynamic landscape of open source software (OSS) development, understanding and addressing incivility within issue discussions is crucial for fostering healthy and productive collaborations. This paper presents a curated dataset of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Ramtin Ehsani , Mia Mohammad Imran , Robert Zita , Kostadin Damevski , Preetha Chatterjee

The common toxicity and societal bias in contents generated by large language models (LLMs) necessitate strategies to reduce harm. Present solutions often demand white-box access to the model or substantial training, which is impractical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Rongwu Xu , Zi'an Zhou , Tianwei Zhang , Zehan Qi , Su Yao , Ke Xu , Wei Xu , Han Qiu

In this work, we demonstrate how existing classifiers for identifying toxic comments online fail to generalize to the diverse concerns of Internet users. We survey 17,280 participants to understand how user expectations for what constitutes…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Deepak Kumar , Patrick Gage Kelley , Sunny Consolvo , Joshua Mason , Elie Bursztein , Zakir Durumeric , Kurt Thomas , Michael Bailey
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