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Understanding toxicity in user conversations is undoubtedly an important problem. Addressing "covert" or implicit cases of toxicity is particularly hard and requires context. Very few previous studies have analysed the influence of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Atijit Anuchitanukul , Julia Ive , Lucia Specia

Conversational large-language models are extensively used for issue resolution tasks. However, not all developer-LLM conversations are useful for effective issue resolution. In this paper, we analyze 686 developer-ChatGPT conversations…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ramtin Ehsani , Sakshi Pathak , Esteban Parra , Sonia Haiduc , Preetha Chatterjee

Growing literature explores toxicity and polarization in discourse, with comparatively less work on characterizing what makes dialogue prosocial and constructive. We explore conversational discourse and investigate a method for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Margaret Hughes , Brandon Roy , Elinor Poole-Dayan , Deb Roy , Jad Kabbara

Large language models (LLMs) have become essential in software development, especially for issue resolution. However, despite their widespread use, significant challenges persist in the quality of LLM responses to issue resolution queries.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Ramtin Ehsani , Sakshi Pathak , Preetha Chatterjee

When trained on large, unfiltered crawls from the internet, language models pick up and reproduce all kinds of undesirable biases that can be found in the data: they often generate racist, sexist, violent or otherwise toxic language. As…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Timo Schick , Sahana Udupa , Hinrich Schütze

The digital age has expanded social media and online forums, allowing free expression for nearly 45% of the global population. Yet, it has also fueled online harassment, bullying, and harmful behaviors like hate speech and toxic comments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Vuong M. Ngo , Cach N. Dang , Kien V. Nguyen , Mark Roantree

Detecting hateful content is a challenging and important problem. Automated tools, like machine-learning models, can help, but they require continuous training to adapt to the ever-changing landscape of social media. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Jay Patel , Hrudayangam Mehta , Jeremy Blackburn

Dialogue is an essential part of human communication and cooperation. Existing research mainly focuses on short dialogue scenarios in a one-on-one fashion. However, multi-person interactions in the real world, such as meetings or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-07 Ming Zhong , Yang Liu , Yichong Xu , Chenguang Zhu , Michael Zeng

Conversational analytics has been on the forefront of transformation driven by the advances in Speech and Natural Language Processing techniques. Rapid adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the analytics field has taken the problems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Igor Shalyminov , Hang Su , Jake Vincent , Siffi Singh , Jason Cai , James Gung , Raphael Shu , Saab Mansour

The rapid growth of live-streaming platforms such as Twitch has introduced complex challenges in moderating toxic behavior. Traditional moderation approaches, such as human annotation and keyword-based filtering, have demonstrated utility,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Baktash Ansari , Elias Martin , Afra Mashhadi

Recent generative large language models (LLMs) show remarkable performance in non-English languages, but when prompted in those languages they tend to express higher harmful social biases and toxicity levels. Prior work has shown that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Vera Neplenbroek , Arianna Bisazza , Raquel Fernández

When conflicts escalate, is it due to what is said or how it is said? In the conflict literature, two theoretical approaches take opposing views: one focuses on the content of the disagreement, while the other focuses on how it is…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Priya Ronald D'Costa , Evan Rowbotham , Xinlan Emily Hu

The rise of misinformation and fake news in online political discourse poses significant challenges to democratic processes and public engagement. While debunking efforts aim to counteract misinformation and foster fact-based dialogue,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Wentao Xu , Wenlu Fan , Shiqian Lu , Tenghao Li , Bin Wang

Communication is essential in software development, and even more in distributed settings. Communication activities need to be organized and coordinated to defend against the threat of productivity losses, increases in cognitive load, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Verena Ebert , Daniel Graziotin , Stefan Wagner

The exponential growth of social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook has revolutionized textual communication and textual content publication in human society. However, they have been increasingly exploited to propagate toxic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Wenxuan Wang , Jen-tse Huang , Weibin Wu , Jianping Zhang , Yizhan Huang , Shuqing Li , Pinjia He , Michael Lyu

Large language models (LLMs) have displayed massive improvements in reasoning and decision-making skills and can hold natural conversations with users. Many recent works seek to augment LLM-based assistants with external tools so they can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Nicholas Farn , Richard Shin

Language model detoxification aims to minimize the risk of generating offensive or harmful content in pretrained language models (PLMs) for safer deployment. Existing methods can be roughly categorized as finetuning-based and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Chak Tou Leong , Yi Cheng , Jiashuo Wang , Jian Wang , Wenjie Li

The spread of toxic content online is an important problem that has adverse effects on user experience online and in our society at large. Motivated by the importance and impact of the problem, research focuses on developing solutions to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Xinlei He , Savvas Zannettou , Yun Shen , Yang Zhang

Online discussions, panels, talk page edits, etc., often contain harmful conversational content i.e., hate speech, death threats and offensive language, especially towards certain demographic groups. For example, individuals who identify as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Jamell Dacon , Harry Shomer , Shaylynn Crum-Dacon , Jiliang Tang

Social media platforms promise to enable rich and vibrant conversations online; however, their potential is often hindered by antisocial behaviors. In this paper, we study the relationship between structure and toxicity in conversations on…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Martin Saveski , Brandon Roy , Deb Roy