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Continual Learning aims to learn a single model on a sequence of tasks without having access to data from previous tasks. The biggest challenge in the domain still remains catastrophic forgetting: a loss in performance on seen classes of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Muhammad Gul Zain Ali Khan , Muhammad Ferjad Naeem , Luc Van Gool , Didier Stricker , Federico Tombari , Muhammad Zeshan Afzal

User modeling in large e-commerce platforms aims to optimize user experiences by incorporating various customer activities. Traditional models targeting a single task often focus on specific business metrics, neglecting the comprehensive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Mingdai Yang , Fan Yang , Yanhui Guo , Shaoyuan Xu , Tianchen Zhou , Yetian Chen , Simone Shao , Jia Liu , Yan Gao

Continual learning (CL) refers to a machine learning paradigm that learns continuously without forgetting previously acquired knowledge. Thereby, major difficulty in CL is catastrophic forgetting of preceding tasks, caused by shifts in data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Stella Ho , Ming Liu , Lan Du , Longxiang Gao , Yong Xiang

Existing continual learning (CL) methods mainly rely on fine-tuning or adapting large language models (LLMs). They still suffer from catastrophic forgetting (CF). Little work has been done to exploit in-context learning (ICL) to leverage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Saleh Momeni , Sahisnu Mazumder , Zixuan Ke , Bing Liu

Computer vision models suffer from a phenomenon known as catastrophic forgetting when learning novel concepts from continuously shifting training data. Typical solutions for this continual learning problem require extensive rehearsal of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 James Seale Smith , Leonid Karlinsky , Vyshnavi Gutta , Paola Cascante-Bonilla , Donghyun Kim , Assaf Arbelle , Rameswar Panda , Rogerio Feris , Zsolt Kira

The data privacy constraint in online continual learning (OCL), where the data can be seen only once, complicates the catastrophic forgetting problem in streaming data. A common approach applied by the current SOTAs in OCL is with the use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 M. Anwar Ma'sum , Mahardhika Pratama , Savitha Ramasamy , Lin Liu , Habibullah Habibullah , Ryszard Kowalczyk

Continual learning (CL) is a major challenge of machine learning (ML) and describes the ability to learn several tasks sequentially without catastrophic forgetting (CF). Recent works indicate that CL is a complex topic, even more so when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Benedikt Bagus , Alexander Gepperth

To cope with uncertain changes of the external world, intelligent systems must continually learn from complex, evolving environments and respond in real time. This ability, collectively known as general continual learning (GCL),…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Guanglong Sun , Hongwei Yan , Liyuan Wang , Zhiqi Kang , Shuang Cui , Hang Su , Jun Zhu , Yi Zhong

Continual learning (CL) enables deep networks to acquire new knowledge while avoiding catastrophic forgetting. The powerful generalization ability of pre-trained models (PTMs), such as the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Haodong Lu , Xinyu Zhang , Kristen Moore , Jason Xue , Lina Yao , Anton van den Hengel , Dong Gong

Prompt-tuning methods for Continual Learning (CL) freeze a large pre-trained model and train a few parameter vectors termed prompts. Most of these methods organize these vectors in a pool of key-value pairs and use the input image as query…

The problem of Rehearsal-Free Continual Learning (RFCL) aims to continually learn new knowledge while preventing forgetting of the old knowledge, without storing any old samples and prototypes. The latest methods leverage large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Xinyuan Gao , Songlin Dong , Yuhang He , Qiang Wang , Yihong Gong

Significant advancements have been made in single label incremental learning (SLCIL),yet the more practical and challenging multi label class incremental learning (MLCIL) remains understudied. Recently,visual language models such as CLIP…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Haifeng Zhao , Yuguang Jin , Leilei Ma

Class-incremental learning (CIL) enables models to learn new classes progressively while preserving knowledge of previously learned ones. Recent advances in this field have shifted towards parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques, with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Haoran Chen , Ping Wang , Zihan Zhou , Xu Zhang , Zuxuan Wu , Yu-Gang Jiang

Continual Learning (CL) enables machine learning models to learn from continuously shifting new training data in absence of data from old tasks. Recently, pretrained vision transformers combined with prompt tuning have shown promise for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Anurag Roy , Riddhiman Moulick , Vinay K. Verma , Saptarshi Ghosh , Abir Das

Instruction tuning effectively optimizes Large Language Models (LLMs) for downstream tasks. Due to the changing environment in real-life applications, LLMs necessitate continual task-specific adaptation without catastrophic forgetting.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yifan Wang , Yafei Liu , Chufan Shi , Haoling Li , Chen Chen , Haonan Lu , Yujiu Yang

Nowadays, real-world data, including graph-structure data, often arrives in a streaming manner, which means that learning systems need to continuously acquire new knowledge without forgetting previously learned information. Although…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Ziyang Cheng , Zhixun Li , Yuhan Li , Yixin Song , Kangyi Zhao , Dawei Cheng , Jia Li , Hong Cheng , Jeffrey Xu Yu

With the emergence of Transformers and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) such as CLIP, fine-tuning large pre-trained models has recently become a prevalent strategy in Continual Learning. This has led to the development of numerous prompting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Emanuele Frascaroli , Aniello Panariello , Pietro Buzzega , Lorenzo Bonicelli , Angelo Porrello , Simone Calderara

Differentiable Search Index (DSI) utilizes pre-trained language models to perform indexing and document retrieval via end-to-end learning without relying on external indexes. However, DSI requires full re-training to index new documents,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Tuan-Luc Huynh , Thuy-Trang Vu , Weiqing Wang , Yinwei Wei , Trung Le , Dragan Gasevic , Yuan-Fang Li , Thanh-Toan Do

Pre-trained vision-language models are able to interpret visual concepts and language semantics. Prompt learning, a method of constructing prompts for text encoders or image encoders, elicits the potentials of pre-trained models and readily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Zhenhan Huang , Tejaswini Pedapati , Pin-Yu Chen , Jianxi Gao

Graph Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning (GFSCIL) enables models to continually learn from limited samples of novel tasks after initial training on a large base dataset. Existing GFSCIL approaches typically utilize Prototypical Networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Jinhui Pang , Changqing Lin , Hao Lin , Zhihui Zhang , Weiping Ding , Yu Liu , Xiaoshuai Hao
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