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We extend the formalism of Conjectural Variations games to Stackelberg games involving multiple leaders and a single follower. To solve these nonconvex games, a common assumption is that the leaders compute their strategies having perfect…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Francesco Morri , Hélène Le Cadre , Luce Brotcorne

When humans interact with learning-based control systems, a common goal is to minimize a cost function known only to the human. For instance, an exoskeleton may adapt its assistance in an effort to minimize the human's metabolic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Jason T. Isa , Lillian J. Ratliff , Samuel A. Burden

Game theory serves as a powerful tool for distributed optimization in multi-agent systems in different applications. In this paper we consider multi-agent systems that can be modeled by means of potential games whose potential function…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-04-13 Tatiana Tatarenko

We study the game redesign problem in which an external designer has the ability to change the payoff function in each round, but incurs a design cost for deviating from the original game. The players apply no-regret learning algorithms to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Yuzhe Ma , Young Wu , Xiaojin Zhu

We study Stackelberg games where a principal repeatedly interacts with a non-myopic long-lived agent, without knowing the agent's payoff function. Although learning in Stackelberg games is well-understood when the agent is myopic, dealing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Nika Haghtalab , Thodoris Lykouris , Sloan Nietert , Alexander Wei

We introduce the application of online learning in a Stackelberg game pertaining to a system with two learning agents in a dyadic exchange network, consisting of a supplier and retailer, specifically where the parameters of the demand…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Larkin Liu , Yuming Rong

In the literature on game-theoretic equilibrium finding, focus has mainly been on solving a single game in isolation. In practice, however, strategic interactions -- ranging from routing problems to online advertising auctions -- evolve…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Keegan Harris , Ioannis Anagnostides , Gabriele Farina , Mikhail Khodak , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Tuomas Sandholm

We investigate a repeated two-player zero-sum game setting where the column player is also a designer of the system, and has full control on the design of the payoff matrix. In addition, the row player uses a no-regret algorithm to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Le Cong Dinh , Nick Bishop , Long Tran-Thanh

Follow-the-regularized-leader (FTRL) algorithms have become popular in the context of games, providing easy-to-implement methods for each agent, as well as theoretical guarantees that the strategies of all agents will converge to some…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Heling Zhang , Siqi Du , Roy Dong

We show that learning algorithms satisfying a $\textit{low approximate regret}$ property experience fast convergence to approximate optimality in a large class of repeated games. Our property, which simply requires that each learner has…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-12-19 Dylan J. Foster , Zhiyuan Li , Thodoris Lykouris , Karthik Sridharan , Eva Tardos

Learning in games refers to scenarios where multiple players interact in a shared environment, each aiming to minimize their regret. An equilibrium can be computed at a fast rate of $O(1/T)$ when all players follow the optimistic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Taira Tsuchiya , Shinji Ito , Haipeng Luo

We develop an algorithmic framework for solving convex optimization problems using no-regret game dynamics. By converting the problem of minimizing a convex function into an auxiliary problem of solving a min-max game in a sequential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Jun-Kun Wang , Jacob Abernethy , Kfir Y. Levy

This paper investigates the convergence of learning dynamics in Stackelberg games. In the class of games we consider, there is a hierarchical game being played between a leader and a follower with continuous action spaces. We establish a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-07 Tanner Fiez , Benjamin Chasnov , Lillian J. Ratliff

Learning from repeated play in a fixed two-player zero-sum game is a classic problem in game theory and online learning. We consider a variant of this problem where the game payoff matrix changes over time, possibly in an adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Mengxiao Zhang , Peng Zhao , Haipeng Luo , Zhi-Hua Zhou

Across many domains of interaction, both natural and artificial, individuals use past experience to shape future behaviors. The results of such learning processes depend on what individuals wish to maximize. A natural objective is one's own…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-09-02 Alex McAvoy , Julian Kates-Harbeck , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Christian Hilbe

Many learning algorithms are known to converge to an equilibrium for specific classes of games if the same learning algorithm is adopted by all agents. However, when the agents are self-interested, a natural question is whether agents have…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Shivam Bajaj , Pranoy Das , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik , Vijay Gupta

We study an online learning problem in general-sum Stackelberg games, where players act in a decentralized and strategic manner. We study two settings depending on the type of information for the follower: (1) the limited information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Yaolong Yu , Haipeng Chen

We study a two-player Stackelberg game with incomplete information such that the follower's strategy belongs to a known family of parameterized functions with an unknown parameter vector. We design an adaptive learning approach to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Guosong Yang , Radha Poovendran , João P. Hespanha

This paper studies algorithmic decision-making under human's strategic behavior, where a decision maker uses an algorithm to make decisions about human agents, and the latter with information about the algorithm may exert effort…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Tian Xie , Xuwei Tan , Xueru Zhang

Optimization under uncertainty is a fundamental problem in learning and decision-making, particularly in multi-agent systems. Previously, Feldman, Kalai, and Tennenholtz [2010] demonstrated the ability to efficiently compete in repeated…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Daniel Ablin , Alon Cohen