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The internal motion of partons inside hadrons has been studied through its impact on very low transverse momentum spectra of Drell-Yan (DY) pairs created in hadron-hadron collisions. We study DY production at next-to-leading order using the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-03-17 I. Bubanja , H. Jung , A. Lelek , N. Raicevic , S. Taheri Monfared

We study the spin-dependent quark distributions at large transverse momentum. We derive their transverse momentum behaviors in the collinear factorization approach in this region. We further calculate the angular distribution of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-05-29 Jian Zhou , Feng Yuan , Zuo-Tang Liang

Higher-twist transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) are a valuable probe of the quark-gluon dynamics in the nucleon, and play a vital role for the explanation of sizable azimuthal asymmetries in hadron production…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-23 C. Lorcé , B. Pasquini , P. Schweitzer

In this study, we extend our previous global analysis of nuclear-modified transverse momentum distribution functions (nTMDs) to also consider the nuclear-modified collinear fragmentation function. Our methodology incorporates the global set…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-12-15 Mishary Alrashed , Zhong-Bo Kang , John Terry , Hongxi Xing , Congyue Zhang

Collinear parton distribution functions (cPDFs) and transverse momentum dependent distributions (TMDs) are essential for calculating cross sections in high-energy physics, particularly within collinear and kt-factorization frameworks.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-16 R. Kord Valeshabadi , S. Rezaie

The Drell-Yan massive lepton-pair production in hadronic collisions provides a unique tool complementary to the Deep-Inelastic Scattering for probing the partonic substructures in hadrons. We review key concepts, approximations, and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-18 Jen-Chieh Peng , Jian-Wei Qiu

There is considerable controversy about the size and importance of nonperturbative contributions to the evolution of transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions. Standard fits to relatively high-energy Drell-Yan data…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-05-11 John Collins , Ted Rogers

We present detailed analysis of the $T$-even lepton angular distribution in the Drell-Yan process including $\gamma/Z^0$ gauge boson exchange and using perturbative QCD based on the collinear factorization scheme at leading order in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-10-29 Valery E. Lyubovitskij , Alexey S. Zhevlakov , Iurii A. Anikin

Transverse parton momentum dependent distribution functions (TMDs) of the nucleon are studied in a covariant model, which describes the intrinsic motion of partons in terms of a covariant momentum distribution. The consistency of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-09-02 A. V. Efremov , P. Schweitzer , O. V. Teryaev , P. Zavada

We use the Bessel-inspired behavior of parton densities at small Bjorken $x$ values, obtained in the case of the flat initial conditions for DGLAP evolution equations in the double scaling QCD approximation (DAS), to evaluate the transverse…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-03-18 A. V. Kotikov , A. V. Lipatov , B. G. Shaikhatdenov , P. Zhang

We present the extraction of unpolarized transverse momentum dependent parton distributions functions (TMDPDFs) and Collins-Soper kernel from the fit of Drell-Yan and weak-vector boson production data. The TMDPDF are parameterized, as…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-04-29 Valentin Moos , Ignazio Scimemi , Alexey Vladimirov , Pia Zurita

The transverse momentum distribution of low-mass Drell-Yan pairs is calculated in QCD perturbation theory with all-order resummation. We argue that at LHC energies the results should be reliable for the entire transverse momentum range. We…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-08-17 George Fai , Jianwei Qiu , Xiaofei Zhang

The transverse-momentum ($Q_T$) distribution of low-mass Drell-Yan pairs is calculated in QCD perturbation theory with all-order resummation of $\alpha_s (\alpha_s \ln(Q^2_T/Q^2))^n$ type terms. We demonstrate that the rapidity distribution…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 George Fai , Jianwei Qiu , Xiaofei Zhang

We determine the valence parton distribution function of the pion by performing a new analysis of data for the Drell-Yan process $\pi^- N\to \mu^+\mu^-X$. Compared to previous analyses, we include next-to-leading-logarithmic threshold…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-12-23 Matthias Aicher , Andreas Schäfer , Werner Vogelsang

The cross section for transverse momentum dependent double parton scattering involves transverse momentum dependent double parton distributions (DTMDs). In the region of perturbative transverse momentum the DTMDs can be matched onto…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-11-02 Maarten G. A. Buffing , Markus Diehl , Tomas Kasemets

The transverse-momentum-dependent distributions (TMDs), which are defined by gauge-invariant 3D parton correlators with staple-shaped lightlike Wilson lines, can be calculated from quark and gluon correlators fixed in the Coulomb gauge on a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-12-04 Yong Zhao

We study Euclidean formulations of the transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) soft function, which is a cross section for soft gluon radiations involving color charges moving in two conjugate lightcone directions in quantum chromodynamics. We…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-06-24 Xiangdong Ji , Yizhuang Liu , Yu-Sheng Liu

General formulations of QCD factorization for hadronic collisions extend the notion of ordinary parton distributions to transverse-momentum dependent (TMD) parton density and parton decay functions. We discuss the use of the recent…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-27 F. Hautmann , H. Jung

Two main frameworks for defining transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton densities are the Collins-Soper-Sterman (CSS) formalism, and the Parton Branching (PB) approach. While PB-TMDs have an explicit dependence on a single scale which…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-09-21 Armando Bermudez Martinez

We consider the transverse momentum dependent (TMD) quark densities of the proton which are very important ingredients for unpolarized Drell-Yan (DY) lepton pair production. We calculate the TMD sea quark density as a convolution of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-23 S. P. Baranov , A. V. Lipatov , N. P. Zotov