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End-to-end autonomous driving aims to generate safe and plausible planning policies from raw sensor input. Driving world models have shown great potential in learning rich representations by predicting the future evolution of a driving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xingtai Gui , Meijie Zhang , Tianyi Yan , Wencheng Han , Jiahao Gong , Feiyang Tan , Cheng-zhong Xu , Jianbing Shen

Autonomous driving is a multi-task problem requiring a deep understanding of the visual environment. End-to-end autonomous systems have attracted increasing interest as a method of learning to drive without exhaustively programming…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Alexander Makrigiorgos , Ali Shafti , Alex Harston , Julien Gerard , A. Aldo Faisal

While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) show significant promise for end-to-end autonomous driving by leveraging the common sense embedded in language models, their reliance on 2D image cues for complex scene understanding and decision-making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Weijie Wei , Zhipeng Luo , Ling Feng , Venice Erin Liong

Vectorized high-definition map online construction has garnered considerable attention in the field of autonomous driving research. Most existing approaches model changeable map elements using a fixed number of points, or predict local maps…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Wenjie Ding , Limeng Qiao , Xi Qiu , Chi Zhang

Autonomous driving requires an understanding of the static environment from sensor data. Learned Bird's-Eye View (BEV) encoders are commonly used to fuse multiple inputs, and a vector decoder predicts a vectorized map representation from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Thomas Monninger , Zihan Zhang , Zhipeng Mo , Md Zafar Anwar , Steffen Staab , Sihao Ding

Self-driving cars and autonomous vehicles are revolutionizing the automotive sector, shaping the future of mobility altogether. Although the integration of novel technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Cloud/Edge computing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Sorin Grigorescu , Tiberiu Cocias , Bogdan Trasnea , Andrea Margheri , Federico Lombardi , Leonardo Aniello

Vector extraction retrieves structured vector geometry from raster images, offering high-fidelity representation and broad applicability. Existing methods, however, are usually tailored to a single vector type (e.g., polygons, polylines,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Yinglong Yan , Jun Yue , Shaobo Xia , Hanmeng Sun , Tianxu Ying , Chengcheng Wu , Sifan Lan , Min He , Pedram Ghamisi , Leyuan Fang

Vision-Language Models(VLMs) excel at autoregressive text generation, yet end-to-end autonomous driving requires multi-task learning with structured outputs and heterogeneous decoding behaviors, such as autoregressive language generation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yiwei Zhang , Xuesong Chen , Jin Gao , Hanshi Wang , Fudong Ge , Weiming Hu , Shaoshuai Shi , Zhipeng Zhang

This paper introduces InverseMatrixVT3D, an efficient method for transforming multi-view image features into 3D feature volumes for 3D semantic occupancy prediction. Existing methods for constructing 3D volumes often rely on depth…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Zhenxing Ming , Julie Stephany Berrio , Mao Shan , Stewart Worrall

3D visual perception tasks, including 3D detection and map segmentation based on multi-camera images, are essential for autonomous driving systems. In this work, we present a new framework termed BEVFormer, which learns unified BEV…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Zhiqi Li , Wenhai Wang , Hongyang Li , Enze Xie , Chonghao Sima , Tong Lu , Qiao Yu , Jifeng Dai

The well-established modular autonomous driving system is decoupled into different standalone tasks, e.g. perception, prediction and planning, suffering from information loss and error accumulation across modules. In contrast, end-to-end…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Wenchao Sun , Xuewu Lin , Yining Shi , Chuang Zhang , Haoran Wu , Sifa Zheng

Safety remains one of the most critical challenges in autonomous driving systems. In recent years, the end-to-end driving has shown great promise in advancing vehicle autonomy in a scalable manner. However, existing approaches often face…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Zhiwei Zhang , Ruichen Yang , Ke Wu , Zijun Xu , Jingchu Liu , Lisen Mu , Zhongxue Gan , Wenchao Ding

In the spectrum of vision-based autonomous driving, vanilla end-to-end models are not interpretable and suboptimal in performance, while mediated perception models require additional intermediate representations such as segmentation masks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-07 Luona Yang , Xiaodan Liang , Tairui Wang , Eric Xing

Online vectorized High-Definition (HD) map construction is crucial for subsequent prediction and planning tasks in autonomous driving. Following MapTR paradigm, recent works have made noteworthy achievements. However, reference points are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Rongxuan Wang , Xin Lu , Xiaoyang Liu , Xiaoyi Zou , Tongyi Cao , Ying Li

End-to-end autonomous driving methods aim to directly map raw sensor inputs to future driving actions such as planned trajectories, bypassing traditional modular pipelines. While these approaches have shown promise, they often operate under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Bozhou Zhang , Nan Song , Jingyu Li , Xiatian Zhu , Jiankang Deng , Li Zhang

Anticipating the motion of neighboring vehicles is crucial for autonomous driving, especially on congested highways where even slight motion variations can result in catastrophic collisions. An accurate prediction of a future trajectory…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Fuad Hasan , Hailong Huang

Autonomous driving systems face significant challenges in handling unpredictable edge-case scenarios, such as adversarial pedestrian movements, dangerous vehicle maneuvers, and sudden environmental changes. Current end-to-end driving models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Dianwei Chen , Zifan Zhang , Lei Cheng , Yuchen Liu , Xianfeng Terry Yang

World models have gained significant attention as a promising approach for autonomous driving. By emulating human-like perception and decision-making processes, these models can predict and adapt to dynamic environments. Existing methods…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Huiqian Li , Wei Pan , Haodong Zhang , Jin Huang , Zhihua Zhong

Vision-Language Models (VLM) exhibit strong reasoning capabilities, showing promise for end-to-end autonomous driving systems. Chain-of-Thought (CoT), as VLM's widely used reasoning strategy, is facing critical challenges. Existing textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Lingjun Zhang , Yujian Yuan , Changjie Wu , Xinyuan Chang , Xin Cai , Shuang Zeng , Linzhe Shi , Sijin Wang , Hang Zhang , Mu Xu

Due to the lack of depth cues in images, multi-frame inputs are important for the success of vision-based perception, prediction, and planning in autonomous driving. Observations from different angles enable the recovery of 3D object states…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yichen Xie , Hongge Chen , Gregory P. Meyer , Yong Jae Lee , Eric M. Wolff , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Wei Zhan , Yuning Chai , Xin Huang