English

MindDriver: Introducing Progressive Multimodal Reasoning for Autonomous Driving

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 2026-02-26 v1

Abstract

Vision-Language Models (VLM) exhibit strong reasoning capabilities, showing promise for end-to-end autonomous driving systems. Chain-of-Thought (CoT), as VLM's widely used reasoning strategy, is facing critical challenges. Existing textual CoT has a large gap between text semantic space and trajectory physical space. Although the recent approach utilizes future image to replace text as CoT process, it lacks clear planning-oriented objective guidance to generate images with accurate scene evolution. To address these, we innovatively propose MindDriver, a progressive multimodal reasoning framework that enables VLM to imitate human-like progressive thinking for autonomous driving. MindDriver presents semantic understanding, semantic-to-physical space imagination, and physical-space trajectory planning. To achieve aligned reasoning processes in MindDriver, we develop a feedback-guided automatic data annotation pipeline to generate aligned multimodal reasoning training data. Furthermore, we develop a progressive reinforcement fine-tuning method to optimize the alignment through progressive high- level reward-based learning. MindDriver demonstrates superior performance in both nuScences open-loop and Bench2Drive closed-loop evaluation. Codes are available at https://github.com/hotdogcheesewhite/MindDriver.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2602.21952,
  title  = {MindDriver: Introducing Progressive Multimodal Reasoning for Autonomous Driving},
  author = {Lingjun Zhang and Yujian Yuan and Changjie Wu and Xinyuan Chang and Xin Cai and Shuang Zeng and Linzhe Shi and Sijin Wang and Hang Zhang and Mu Xu},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.21952},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

CVPR2026; Yujian Yuan and Lingjun Zhang contributed equally with random order

R2 v1 2026-07-01T10:52:06.907Z