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To address computational and memory limitations of Large Multimodal Models in the Video Question-Answering task, several recent methods extract textual representations per frame (e.g., by captioning) and feed them to a Large Language Model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Andreas Goulas , Vasileios Mezaris , Ioannis Patras

Designing effective game tutorials is crucial for a smooth learning curve for new players, especially in games with many rules and complex core mechanics. Evaluating the effectiveness of these tutorials usually requires multiple iterations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Daniele Rege Cambrin , Gabriele Scaffidi Militone , Luca Colomba , Giovanni Malnati , Daniele Apiletti , Paolo Garza

Visual instruction tuning is crucial for improving vision-language large models (VLLMs). However, many samples can be solved via linguistic patterns or common-sense shortcuts, without genuine cross-modal reasoning, limiting the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Peng Sun , Huawen Shen , Yi Ban , Tianfan Fu , Yanbo Wang , Yuqiang Li

The HyperText Markup Language 5 (HTML5) <canvas> is useful for creating visual-centric web applications. However, unlike traditional web applications, HTML5 <canvas> applications render objects onto the <canvas> bitmap without representing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Finlay Macklon , Cor-Paul Bezemer

Although large language models (LLMs) are widely deployed, the data used to train them is rarely disclosed. Given the incredible scale of this data, up to trillions of tokens, it is all but certain that it includes potentially problematic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Weijia Shi , Anirudh Ajith , Mengzhou Xia , Yangsibo Huang , Daogao Liu , Terra Blevins , Danqi Chen , Luke Zettlemoyer

Vision-language models (VLMs) excel in visual understanding but often lack reliable grounding capabilities and actionable inference rates. Integrating them with open-vocabulary object detection (OVD), instance segmentation, and tracking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Bastian Pätzold , Jan Nogga , Sven Behnke

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in generating diverse and contextually rich text. However, concerns regarding copyright infringement arise as LLMs may inadvertently produce copyrighted material. In…

Industrial diagrams such as piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs) are essential for the design, operation, and maintenance of industrial plants. Converting these diagrams into digital form is an important step toward building digital…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Sanjukta Ghosh

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have significantly advanced the integration of visual and textual understanding. However, their ability to generate code from multimodal inputs remains limited. In this work, we introduce VisCodex, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Lingjie Jiang , Shaohan Huang , Xun Wu , Yixia Li , Dongdong Zhang , Furu Wei

Recent open-vocabulary detection methods aim to detect novel objects by distilling knowledge from vision-language models (VLMs) trained on a vast amount of image-text pairs. To improve the effectiveness of these methods, researchers have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Han-Cheol Cho , Won Young Jhoo , Wooyoung Kang , Byungseok Roh

Most visual recognition studies rely heavily on crowd-labelled data in deep neural networks (DNNs) training, and they usually train a DNN for each single visual recognition task, leading to a laborious and time-consuming visual recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Jingyi Zhang , Jiaxing Huang , Sheng Jin , Shijian Lu

Recent breakthroughs in vision-language models (VLMs) start a new page in the vision community. The VLMs provide stronger and more generalizable feature embeddings compared to those from ImageNet-pretrained models, thanks to the training on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Jieneng Chen , Qihang Yu , Xiaohui Shen , Alan Yuille , Liang-Chieh Chen

We introduce VLM-Lens, a toolkit designed to enable systematic benchmarking, analysis, and interpretation of vision-language models (VLMs) by supporting the extraction of intermediate outputs from any layer during the forward pass of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Hala Sheta , Eric Huang , Shuyu Wu , Ilia Alenabi , Jiajun Hong , Ryker Lin , Ruoxi Ning , Daniel Wei , Jialin Yang , Jiawei Zhou , Ziqiao Ma , Freda Shi

Despite the remarkable success of Vision-Language Models (VLMs), their performance on a range of complex visual tasks is often hindered by a "visual processing bottleneck": a propensity to lose grounding in visual evidence and exhibit a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Xinlei Yu , Chengming Xu , Guibin Zhang , Zhangquan Chen , Yudong Zhang , Yongbo He , Peng-Tao Jiang , Jiangning Zhang , Xiaobin Hu , Shuicheng Yan

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated promising results in a variety of tasks that combine vision and language. As these models become more integral to research and applications, conducting comprehensive evaluations of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Fuwen Luo , Chi Chen , Zihao Wan , Zhaolu Kang , Qidong Yan , Yingjie Li , Xiaolong Wang , Siyu Wang , Ziyue Wang , Xiaoyue Mi , Peng Li , Ning Ma , Maosong Sun , Yang Liu

Detecting whether copyright holders' works were used in LLM pretraining is poised to be an important problem. This work proposes using data watermarks to enable principled detection with only black-box model access, provided that the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Johnny Tian-Zheng Wei , Ryan Yixiang Wang , Robin Jia

This paper introduces an open-source benchmark for evaluating Vision-Language Models (VLMs) on Optical Character Recognition (OCR) tasks in dynamic video environments. We present a curated dataset containing 1,477 manually annotated frames…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Sankalp Nagaonkar , Augustya Sharma , Ashish Choithani , Ashutosh Trivedi

The problem of pre-training data detection for large language models (LLMs) has received growing attention due to its implications in critical issues like copyright violation and test data contamination. Despite improved performance,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Jingyang Zhang , Jingwei Sun , Eric Yeats , Yang Ouyang , Martin Kuo , Jianyi Zhang , Hao Frank Yang , Hai Li

Text-based visual descriptors--ranging from simple class names to more descriptive phrases--are widely used in visual concept discovery and image classification with vision-language models (VLMs). Their effectiveness, however, depends on a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Ethan Lin , Linxi Zhao , Atharva Sehgal , Jennifer J. Sun

Recent research suggests that Vision Language Models (VLMs) often rely on inherent biases learned during training when responding to queries about visual properties of images. These biases are exacerbated when VLMs are asked highly specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Saurav Sengupta , Nazanin Moradinasab , Jiebei Liu , Donald E. Brown