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Consider a diffusion-free passive scalar $\theta$ being mixed by an incompressible flow $u$ on the torus $\mathbb{T}^d$. Our aim is to study how well this scalar can be mixed under an enstrophy constraint on the advecting velocity field.Our…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-09-09 Gautam Iyer , Alexander Kiselev , Xiaoqian Xu

We study the problem of optimal mixing of a passive scalar $\rho$ advected by an incompressible flow on the two dimensional unit square. The scalar $\rho$ solves the continuity equation with a divergence-free velocity field $u$ with…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-07-06 Gianluca Crippa , Christian Schulze

We show exponential mixing of passive scalars advected by a solution to the stochastic Navier-Stokes equations with finitely many (e.g. four) forced modes satisfying a hypoellipticity condition. Our proof combines the asymptotic strong…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-08-06 William Cooperman , Keefer Rowan

We are concerned with flow enhanced mixing of passive scalars in the presence of diffusion. Under the assumption that the velocity gradient is suitably integrable, we provide upper bounds on the exponential rates of enhanced dissipation.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-11-24 Christian Seis

We consider the advection-diffusion equation describing the evolution of a passive scalar in a background shear flow. We prove the optimal uniform-in-diffusivity mixing rate $\| f \|_{H^{-1}} \lesssim \langle t \rangle^{-1/(N+1)}$, $t \geq…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Dallas Albritton , Rajendra Beekie

This paper investigates enhanced dissipation for a passive scalar advected by "very rough" horizontal shear flows, described by an advection-diffusion equation on the 2D torus. The authors extend results of Galeati and Gubinelli (2023) to…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-11-03 Marco Romito , Leonardo Roveri

Using the $H^{-1}$ norm as a measure of mixing, we prove that 2d Euler flows on the torus mix passive scalars at most exponentially. The mixing rate is bounded linearly by the BMO norm of the vorticity (and thus by its $L^\infty$ norm). We…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-05-30 Djoko Wirosoetisno

We study passive scalar mixing by parallel shear flows in the presence of weak molecular diffusion. We recover the sharp uniform-in-diffusivity mixing rate for shear flows with finitely many critical points, recently proven in [1]. Our…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Kyle L. Liss , Kunhui Luan

We consider the mixing properties of solutions to the advection-diffusion equation of a white-in-time velocity field on the 2-dimensional torus with four forced modes. As the diffusivity parameter goes to zero, we show that the almost-sure…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-05 Robin Chemnitz , Dennis Chemnitz

We study mixing for a divergence-free passive vector field $u$ transported by another divergence-free vector field $U$, where $u$ evolves according to $ \partial_t u + (U \cdot \nabla) u + \nabla p = 0.$ In recent years, a lot of attention…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-05-14 Anuj Kumar , Franziska Weber

We deduce almost-sure exponentially fast mixing of passive scalars advected by solutions of the stochastically-forced 2D Navier-Stokes equations and 3D hyper-viscous Navier-Stokes equations in $\mathbb T^d$ subjected to non-denegenerate…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-05-13 Jacob Bedrossian , Alex Blumenthal , Samuel Punshon-Smith

An upper bound on the mixing efficiency is derived for a passive scalar under the influence of advection and diffusion with a body source. For a given stirring velocity field, the mixing efficiency is measured in terms of an equivalent…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2007-12-12 Jean-Luc Thiffeault , Charles R. Doering , John D. Gibbon

We performed a numerical study of the efficiency of mixing by alternating horizontal and vertical shear ``wedge'' flows on the two-dimensional torus. Our results suggest that except in cases where each individual flow is applied for only a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-11-02 Li-Tien Cheng , Frederick Rajasekaran , Kin Yau James Wong , Andrej Zlatos

We consider the advection equation on $\mathbb{T}^2$ with a real analytic and time-periodic velocity field that alternates between two Hamiltonian shears. Randomness is injected by alternating the vector field randomly in time between just…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-02-14 Weili Zhang

We study the mixing and dissipation properties of the advection-diffusion equation with diffusivity $0 < \kappa \ll 1$ and advection by a class of random velocity fields on $\mathbb T^d$, $d=\{2,3\}$, including solutions of the 2D…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-06-28 Jacob Bedrossian , Alex Blumenthal , Samuel Punshon-Smith

We study the mixing properties of a passive scalar advected by an incompressible flow. We consider a class of cellular flows (more general than the class in [Crippa-Schulze M3AS 2017]) and show that, under the constraint that the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-12-24 Gianluca Crippa , Christian Schulze

Mixing a passive scalar field by stirring can be measured in a variety of ways including tracer particle dispersion, via the flux-gradient relationship, or by suppression of scalar concentration variations in the presence of inhomogeneous…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2010-11-08 Zhi Lin , Katarína Bodová , Charles R. Doering

Mixing in viscous fluids is challenging, but chaotic advection in principle allows efficient mixing. In the best possible scenario,the decay rate of the concentration profile of a passive scalar should be exponential in time. In practice,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2013-09-24 Jean-Luc Thiffeault , Emmanuelle Gouillart , Olivier Dauchot

Chaotic variations in flow speed up mixing of scalar fields via intensified stirring. This paper addresses the statistical properties of a passive scalar field mixing in a regular shear flow with random fluctuations against its background.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-09-27 Nikolay A. Ivchenko , Vladimir V. Lebedev , Sergey S. Vergeles

We study the mixing properties of a scalar $\rho$ advected by a certain incompressible velocity field $u$ on the two dimensional unit ball, which is a stationary radial solution of the Euler equation. The scalar $\rho$ solves the continuity…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-01-31 Gianluca Crippa , Renato Lucà , Christian Schulze
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