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The range of application of artificial intelligence (AI) is vast, as is the potential for harm. Growing awareness of potential risks from AI systems has spurred action to address those risks, while eroding confidence in AI systems and the…

The widespread diffusion of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based systems offers many opportunities to contribute to the well-being of individuals and the advancement of economies and societies. This diffusion is, however, closely accompanied…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-18 L. H. Nguyen , S. Lins , M. Renner , A. Sunyaev

Artificial intelligence (AI) is advancing rapidly, with the potential for significantly automating AI research and development itself in the near future. In 2024, international scientists, including Turing Award recipients, warned of risks…

AI-based systems leverage recent advances in the field of AI/ML by combining traditional software systems with AI components. Applications are increasingly being developed in this way. Software engineers can usually rely on a plethora of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Simon Schneider , Ananya Saha , Emanuele Mezzi , Katja Tuma , Riccardo Scandariato

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Auditability is a core requirement for achieving responsible AI system design. However, it is not yet a prominent design feature in current applications. Existing AI auditing tools typically lack integration…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Laura Waltersdorfer , Fajar J. Ekaputra , Tomasz Miksa , Marta Sabou

The development lifecycle of generative AI systems requires continual evaluation, data acquisition, and annotation, which is costly in both resources and time. In practice, rapid iteration often makes it necessary to rely on synthetic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Anastasios N. Angelopoulos , Jacob Eisenstein , Jonathan Berant , Alekh Agarwal , Adam Fisch

Audits are critical mechanisms for identifying the risks and limitations of deployed artificial intelligence (AI) systems. However, the effective execution of AI audits remains incredibly difficult, and practitioners often need to make use…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Victor Ojewale , Ryan Steed , Briana Vecchione , Abeba Birhane , Inioluwa Deborah Raji

Artificial intelligence AI can bring substantial benefits to society by helping to reduce costs, increase efficiency and enable new solutions to complex problems. Using Floridi's notion of how to design the 'infosphere' as a starting point,…

General Economics · Economics 2021-11-09 Jakob Mokander

This paper provides an overview and critique of the risk based model of artificial intelligence (AI) governance that has become a popular approach to AI regulation across multiple jurisdictions. The 'AI Policy Landscape in Europe, North…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Veve Fry

Alignment of artificial intelligence (AI) encompasses the normative problem of specifying how AI systems should act and the technical problem of ensuring AI systems comply with those specifications. To date, AI alignment has generally…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an important driving force for the development and transformation of the financial industry. However, with the fast-evolving AI technology and application, unintentional bias, insufficient model validation,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-17 Yukun Zhang , Longsheng Zhou

Over the past decade, an ecosystem of measures has emerged to evaluate the social and ethical implications of AI systems, largely shaped by high-level ethics principles. These measures are developed and used in fragmented ways, without…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shalaleh Rismani , Renee Shelby , Leah Davis , Negar Rostamzadeh , AJung Moon

AI systems are becoming increasingly complex, ubiquitous and autonomous, leading to increasing concerns about their impacts on individuals and society. In response, researchers have begun investigating how to ensure that the methods…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Stephen Cranefield , Nir Oren

In the rapidly evolving domain of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the complex interaction between innovation and regulation has become an emerging focus of our society. Despite tremendous advancements in AI's capabilities to excel in specific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Nan Sun , Yuantian Miao , Hao Jiang , Ming Ding , Jun Zhang

Governance efforts for artificial intelligence (AI) are taking on increasingly more concrete forms, drawing on a variety of approaches and instruments from hard regulation to standardisation efforts, aimed at mitigating challenges from…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Charlotte Stix

In this report, we propose the implementation of national registries for frontier AI models as a foundational tool for AI governance. We explore the rationale, design, and implementation of such registries, drawing on comparisons with…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Elliot McKernon , Gwyn Glasser , Deric Cheng , Gillian Hadfield

Despite large progress in Explainable and Safe AI, practitioners suffer from a lack of regulation and standards for AI safety. In this work we merge recent regulation efforts by the European Union and first proposals for AI guidelines with…

The era of AI regulation (AIR) is upon us. But AI systems, we argue, will not be able to comply with these regulations at the necessary speed and scale by continuing to rely on traditional, analogue methods of compliance. Instead, we posit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Bill Marino , Nicholas D. Lane

In many contexts, lying -- the use of verbal falsehoods to deceive -- is harmful. While lying has traditionally been a human affair, AI systems that make sophisticated verbal statements are becoming increasingly prevalent. This raises the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Owain Evans , Owen Cotton-Barratt , Lukas Finnveden , Adam Bales , Avital Balwit , Peter Wills , Luca Righetti , William Saunders

Safety cases, structured arguments that a system is acceptably safe, are becoming central to the governance of AI systems. Yet, traditional safety-case practices from aviation or nuclear engineering rely on well-specified system boundaries,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Sung Une Lee , Liming Zhu , Md Shamsujjoha , Liming Dong , Qinghua Lu , Jieshan Chen , Lionel Briand