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Attention mechanisms have become integral in AI, significantly enhancing model performance and scalability by drawing inspiration from human cognition. Concurrently, the Attention Schema Theory (AST) in cognitive science posits that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Krati Saxena , Federico Jurado Ruiz , Guido Manzi , Dianbo Liu , Alex Lamb

Rectified Flow text-to-image models surpass diffusion models in image quality and text alignment, but adapting ReFlow for real-image editing remains challenging. We propose a new real-image editing method for ReFlow by analyzing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Jimyeong Kim , Jungwon Park , Yeji Song , Nojun Kwak , Wonjong Rhee

Current approaches for explaining machine learning models fall into two distinct classes: antecedent event influence and value attribution. The former leverages training instances to describe how much influence a training point exerts on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Umang Bhatt , Pradeep Ravikumar , Jose M. F. Moura

The Vision Transformer (ViT) has made significant advancements in computer vision, utilizing self-attention mechanisms to achieve state-of-the-art performance across various tasks, including image classification, object detection, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Sehyeong Jo , Gangjae Jang , Haesol Park

As important side information, attributes have been widely exploited in the existing recommender system for better performance. In the real-world scenarios, it is common that some attributes of items/users are missing (e.g., some movies…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Fan Liu , Zhiyong Cheng , Lei Zhu , Chenghao Liu , Liqiang Nie

Face attribute evaluation plays an important role in video surveillance and face analysis. Although methods based on convolution neural networks have made great progress, they inevitably only deal with one local neighborhood with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Decheng Liu , Weijie He , Chunlei Peng , Nannan Wang , Jie Li , Xinbo Gao

The Transformer is an extremely powerful and prominent deep learning architecture. In this work, we challenge the commonly held belief in deep learning that going deeper is better, and show an alternative design approach that is building…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Jason Ross Brown , Yiren Zhao , Ilia Shumailov , Robert D Mullins

Compared with previous two-stream trackers, the recent one-stream tracking pipeline, which allows earlier interaction between the template and search region, has achieved a remarkable performance gain. However, existing one-stream trackers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Shenyuan Gao , Chunluan Zhou , Jun Zhang

Online continual learning for image classification is crucial for models to adapt to new data while retaining knowledge of previously learned tasks. This capability is essential to address real-world challenges involving dynamic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Adjovi Sim , Zhengkui Wang , Aik Beng Ng , Shalini De Mello , Simon See , Wonmin Byeon

\textit{Attention} computes the dependency between representations, and it encourages the model to focus on the important selective features. Attention-based models, such as Transformer and graph attention network (GAT), are widely utilized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Kyungwoo Song , Yohan Jung , Dongjun Kim , Il-Chul Moon

We propose a new network architecture, Gated Attention Networks (GaAN), for learning on graphs. Unlike the traditional multi-head attention mechanism, which equally consumes all attention heads, GaAN uses a convolutional sub-network to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-21 Jiani Zhang , Xingjian Shi , Junyuan Xie , Hao Ma , Irwin King , Dit-Yan Yeung

Attention-based models, exemplified by the Transformer, can effectively model long range dependency, but suffer from the quadratic complexity of self-attention operation, making them difficult to be adopted for high-resolution image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Long Zhao , Zizhao Zhang , Ting Chen , Dimitris N. Metaxas , Han Zhang

Despite the exciting performance, Transformer is criticized for its excessive parameters and computation cost. However, compressing Transformer remains as an open problem due to its internal complexity of the layer designs, i.e., Multi-Head…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Gen Luo , Yiyi Zhou , Xiaoshuai Sun , Yan Wang , Liujuan Cao , Yongjian Wu , Feiyue Huang , Rongrong Ji

Variational inference often struggles with the posterior geometry exhibited by complex hierarchical Bayesian models. Recent advances in flow-based variational families and Variationally Inferred Parameters (VIP) each address aspects of this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Joohwan Ko , Justin Domke

Transformer-based architectures achieve state-of-the-art performance across a wide range of tasks in natural language processing, computer vision, and speech processing. However, their immense capacity often leads to overfitting, especially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Mirza Samad Ahmed Baig , Syeda Anshrah Gillani , Abdul Akbar Khan , Shahid Munir Shah , Muhammad Omer Khan

Random-feature-based attention (RFA) is an efficient approximation of softmax attention with linear runtime and space complexity. However, the approximation gap between RFA and conventional softmax attention is not well studied. Built upon…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Lin Zheng , Jianbo Yuan , Chong Wang , Lingpeng Kong

This paper presents a novel approach to electricity price forecasting (EPF) using a pure Transformer model. As opposed to other alternatives, no other recurrent network is used in combination to the attention mechanism. Hence, showing that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Oscar Llorente , Jose Portela

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated effectiveness in collaborative filtering tasks due to their ability to extract powerful structural features. However, combining the graph features extracted from user-item interactions and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Jiafeng Xia , Dongsheng Li , Hansu Gu , Tun Lu , Ning Gu

We present a continual learning approach for generative adversarial networks (GANs), by designing and leveraging parameter-efficient feature map transformations. Our approach is based on learning a set of global and task-specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Sakshi Varshney , Vinay Kumar Verma , Srijith P K , Lawrence Carin , Piyush Rai

Previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of point-based neural models on the point cloud analysis task. However, there remains a crucial issue on producing the efficient input embedding for raw point coordinates. Moreover,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Zihao Li , Pan Gao , Kang You , Chuan Yan , Manoranjan Paul