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Cybersecurity is being fundamentally reshaped by foundation-model-based artificial intelligence. Large language models now enable autonomous planning, tool orchestration, and strategic adaptation at scale, challenging security architectures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Tao Li , Quanyan Zhu

This paper advances a methodological proposal for safety research in agentic AI. As systems acquire planning, memory, tool use, persistent identity, and sustained interaction, safety can no longer be analysed primarily at the level of the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Federico Pierucci , Matteo Prandi , Marcantonio Bracale Syrnikov , Marcello Galisai , Piercosma Bisconti

Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized decision-making processes and systems throughout society and, in particular, has emerged as a significant technology in high-impact scenarios of national interest. Yet, despite AI's impressive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-05 Gregory Canal , Vladimir Leung , Philip Sage , Eric Heim , I-Jeng Wang

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping scientific discovery, evolving from specialized computational tools into autonomous research partners. We position Agentic Science as a pivotal stage within the broader AI for Science paradigm,…

AI advancements have been significantly driven by a combination of foundation models and curiosity-driven learning aimed at increasing capability and adaptability. Within this landscape, open-endedness, where AI agents autonomously and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Ivaxi Sheth , Jan Wehner , Sahar Abdelnabi , Ruta Binkyte , Mario Fritz

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology epitomizes the complex challenges posed by human-made artifacts, particularly those widely integrated into society and exerting significant influence, highlighting potential benefits and their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Michael Papademas , Xenia Ziouvelou , Antonis Troumpoukis , Vangelis Karkaletsis

AI agents -- systems that combine foundation models with reasoning, planning, memory, and tool use -- are rapidly becoming a practical interface between natural-language intent and real-world computation. This survey synthesizes the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Bin Xu

AI systems have long been expected to interact with users, answering questions, generating content, and continuing (social) conversations. Agentic AI, however, breaks from this expectation, as its primary objective is workflow execution on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Eunchae Jang , S. Shyam Sundar

In many contexts, lying -- the use of verbal falsehoods to deceive -- is harmful. While lying has traditionally been a human affair, AI systems that make sophisticated verbal statements are becoming increasingly prevalent. This raises the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Owain Evans , Owen Cotton-Barratt , Lukas Finnveden , Adam Bales , Avital Balwit , Peter Wills , Luca Righetti , William Saunders

Autonomous AI is no longer a hard-to-reach concept, it enables the agents to move beyond executing tasks to independently addressing complex problems, adapting to change while handling the uncertainty of the environment. However, what makes…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-05-12 Zinan Liu , Haoran Li , Jingyi Lu , Gaoyuan Ma , Xu Hong , Giovanni Iacca , Arvind Kumar , Shaojun Tang , Lin Wang

We show that the ability to lead groups of humans is predicted by leadership skill with Artificially Intelligent agents. In a large pre-registered lab experiment, human leaders worked with AI agents to solve problems. Their performance on…

General Economics · Economics 2025-08-06 Ben Weidmann , Yixian Xu , David J. Deming

The rapid rise of AI-based autonomous agents is transforming human society and economic systems, as these entities increasingly exhibit human-like or superhuman intelligence. From excelling at complex games like Go to tackling diverse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ke Yang , ChengXiang Zhai

For a long time, humanity has pursued artificial intelligence (AI) equivalent to or surpassing the human level, with AI agents considered a promising vehicle for this pursuit. AI agents are artificial entities that sense their environment,…

Safety cases, structured arguments that a system is acceptably safe, are becoming central to the governance of AI systems. Yet, traditional safety-case practices from aviation or nuclear engineering rely on well-specified system boundaries,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Sung Une Lee , Liming Zhu , Md Shamsujjoha , Liming Dong , Qinghua Lu , Jieshan Chen , Lionel Briand

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly being integrated into critical systems across various domains, from healthcare to autonomous vehicles. While its integration brings immense benefits, it also introduces significant risks, including…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Zhiqiang Lin , Huan Sun , Ness Shroff

AI agents, predominantly powered by large language models (LLMs), are vulnerable to indirect prompt injection, in which malicious instructions embedded in untrusted data can trigger dangerous agent actions. This position paper discusses our…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Chong Xiang , Drew Zagieboylo , Shaona Ghosh , Sanjay Kariyappa , Kai Greshake , Hanshen Xiao , Chaowei Xiao , G. Edward Suh

Recent large-scale events like election fraud and financial scams have shown how harmful coordinated efforts by human groups can be. With the rise of autonomous AI systems, there is growing concern that AI-driven groups could also cause…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Qibing Ren , Sitao Xie , Longxuan Wei , Zhenfei Yin , Junchi Yan , Lizhuang Ma , Jing Shao

Frontier AI systems are rapidly advancing in their capabilities to persuade, deceive, and influence human behaviour, with current models already demonstrating human-level persuasion and strategic deception in specific contexts. Humans are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Rishane Dassanayake , Mario Demetroudi , James Walpole , Lindley Lentati , Jason R. Brown , Edward James Young

AI-Based Safety-Critical Systems (AI-SCS) are being increasingly deployed in the real world. These can pose a risk of harm to people and the environment. Reducing that risk is an overarching priority during development and operation. As…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Philippa Ryan , Zoe Porter , Joanna Al-Qaddoumi , John McDermid , Ibrahim Habli

As our cities and communities become smarter, the systems that keep us safe, such as traffic control centers, emergency response networks, and public transportation, also become more complex. With this complexity comes a greater risk of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Sharif Noor Zisad , Ragib Hasan