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AI is moving from domain-specific autonomy in closed, predictable settings to large-language-model-driven agents that plan and act in open, cross-organizational environments. As a result, the cybersecurity risk landscape is changing in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Alsharif Abuadbba , Nazatul Sultan , Surya Nepal , Sanjay Jha

The field of AI is undergoing a fundamental transition from generative models that can produce synthetic content to artificial agents that can plan and execute complex tasks with only limited human involvement. Companies that pioneered the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Noam Kolt

Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents have rapidly evolved from specialized, rule-based programs to versatile, learning-driven autonomous systems capable of perception, reasoning, and action in complex environments. The explosion of data,…

AI agents are beginning to interact with each other directly and across internet platforms and physical environments, creating security challenges beyond traditional cybersecurity and AI safety frameworks. Free-form protocols are essential…

While artificial intelligence (AI) is advancing rapidly and mastering increasingly complex problems with astonishing performance, the safety assurance of such systems is a major concern. Particularly in the context of safety-critical,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Lars Ullrich , Walter Zimmer , Ross Greer , Knut Graichen , Alois C. Knoll , Mohan Trivedi

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to greatly improve society, but as with any powerful technology, it comes with heightened risks and responsibilities. Current AI research lacks a systematic discussion of how to manage…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Dan Hendrycks , Mantas Mazeika

The deployment of capable AI agents raises fresh questions about safety, human-machine relationships and social coordination. We argue for greater engagement by scientists, scholars, engineers and policymakers with the implications of a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Iason Gabriel , Geoff Keeling , Arianna Manzini , James Evans

Recent advancements in large language model (LLM) agents have significantly accelerated scientific discovery automation, yet concurrently raised critical ethical and safety concerns. To systematically address these challenges, we introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Kunlun Zhu , Jiaxun Zhang , Ziheng Qi , Nuoxing Shang , Zijia Liu , Peixuan Han , Yue Su , Haofei Yu , Jiaxuan You

This report examines what I see as the core argument for concern about existential risk from misaligned artificial intelligence. I proceed in two stages. First, I lay out a backdrop picture that informs such concern. On this picture,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Joseph Carlsmith

This book-length article combines several peer reviewed papers and new material to analyze the issues of ethical artificial intelligence (AI). The behavior of future AI systems can be described by mathematical equations, which are adapted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-11-18 Bill Hibbard

As AI systems become increasingly powerful, the need for safe AI has become more pressing. Humans are an attractive model for AI safety: as the only known agents capable of general intelligence, they perform robustly even under conditions…

AI-based systems have been used widely across various industries for different decisions ranging from operational decisions to tactical and strategic ones in low- and high-stakes contexts. Gradually the weaknesses and issues of these…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Morteza Saberi

Autonomous Artificial Intelligence (AI) has many benefits. It also has many risks. In this work, we identify the 3 levels of autonomous AI. We are of the position that AI must not be fully autonomous because of the many risks, especially as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Tosin Adewumi , Lama Alkhaled , Florent Imbert , Hui Han , Nudrat Habib , Karl Löwenmark

In the midst of the growing integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into various aspects of our lives, agents are experiencing a resurgence. These autonomous programs that act on behalf of humans are neither new nor exclusive to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Chirag Shah , Ryen W. White

This article, a lightly adapted version of Perplexity's response to NIST/CAISI Request for Information 2025-0035, details our observations and recommendations concerning the security of frontier AI agents. These insights are informed by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Ninghui Li , Kaiyuan Zhang , Kyle Polley , Jerry Ma

This position paper argues that AI agents should be regulated by the extent to which they operate autonomously. AI agents with long-term planning and strategic capabilities can pose significant risks of human extinction and irreversible…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Takayuki Osogami

This report serves as an accessible guide to the emerging field of AI agent governance. Agents - AI systems that can autonomously achieve goals in the world, with little to no explicit human instruction about how to do so - are a major…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Jam Kraprayoon , Zoe Williams , Rida Fayyaz

Collaborative AI systems (CAISs) aim at working together with humans in a shared space to achieve a common goal. This critical setting yields hazardous circumstances that could harm human beings. Thus, building such systems with strong…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Jubril Gbolahan Adigun , Matteo Camilli , Michael Felderer , Andrea Giusti , Dominik T Matt , Anna Perini , Barbara Russo , Angelo Susi

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the most transformative technologies of the 21st century. The extent and scope of future AI capabilities remain a key uncertainty, with widespread disagreement on timelines and potential impacts. As…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Kyle A. Kilian , Christopher J. Ventura , Mark M. Bailey

As machine learning systems become more powerful they also become increasingly unpredictable and opaque. Yet, finding human-understandable explanations of how they work is essential for their safe deployment. This technical report…