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Image reconstruction from computed tomography (CT) measurement is a challenging statistical inverse problem since a high-dimensional conditional distribution needs to be estimated. Based on training data obtained from high-quality…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-12 Alexander Denker , Maximilian Schmidt , Johannes Leuschner , Peter Maass , Jens Behrmann

The application of light field data in salient object de-tection is becoming increasingly popular recently. The diffi-culty lies in how to effectively fuse the features within the fo-cal stack and how to cooperate them with the feature of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Nian Liu , Wangbo Zhao , Dingwen Zhang , Junwei Han , Ling Shao

This work is concerned with applying iterative image reconstruction, based on constrained total-variation minimization, to low-intensity X-ray CT systems that have a high sampling rate. Such systems pose a challenge for iterative image…

Medical Physics · Physics 2016-11-17 Emil Y. Sidky , Rick Chartrand , Yuval Duchin , Christer Ullberg , Xiaochuan Pan

Integrating inverse rendering with multi-view photometric stereo (MVPS) yields more accurate 3D reconstructions than the inverse rendering approaches that rely on fixed environment illumination. However, efficient inverse rendering with…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Yixiao Chen , Bin Liang , Hanzhi Guo , Yongqing Cheng , Jiayi Zhao , Dongdong Weng

Flow-based generative modeling is a powerful tool for solving inverse problems in physical sciences that can be used for sampling and likelihood evaluation with much lower inference times than traditional methods. We propose to refine flows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Benjamin Holzschuh , Nils Thuerey

3D reconstruction from unconstrained image collections presents substantial challenges due to varying appearances and transient occlusions. In this paper, we introduce Micro-macro Wavelet-based Gaussian Splatting (MW-GS), a novel approach…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Yihui Li , Chengxin Lv , Hongyu Yang , Di Huang

Due to its wide field of view, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is plagued by large amounts of scatter, where attenuated photons hit the detector, and corrupt the linear models used for reconstruction. Given that one can generate a good…

Medical Physics · Physics 2017-07-06 Jonathan Mason , Alessandro Perelli , William Nailon , Mike Davies

Industrial CT is useful for defect detection, dimensional inspection and geometric analysis. While it does not meet the needs of industrial mass production, because of its time-consuming imaging procedure. This article proposes a novel…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-06-20 Zheng Fang , Tingjun Wang , Bingan Yuan , Xinlin Qing , Shunren Li

While previous CNN-based models have exhibited promising results for salient object detection (SOD), their ability to explore global long-range dependencies is restricted. Our previous work, the Visual Saliency Transformer (VST), addressed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Nian Liu , Ziyang Luo , Ni Zhang , Junwei Han

Diffusion models have achieved state-of-the-art performance in generative modeling, yet their sampling procedures remain vulnerable to hallucinations-often stemming from inaccuracies in score approximation. In this work, we reinterpret…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yiqi Tian , Pengfei Jin , Mingze Yuan , Na Li , Bo Zeng , Quanzheng Li

3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) enables real-time novel view synthesis with high visual quality. However, existing methods struggle with semi-transparent specular surfaces that exhibit both complex reflections and clear transmission, often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ji Shi , Xianghua Ying , Bowei Xing , Ruohao Guo , Wenzhen Yue

We describe a new data collection scheme for optical diffusion tomography in which plane wave illumination is combined with multiple projections in the slab imaging geometry. Multiple projection measurements are performed by rotating the…

Medical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Vadim A. Markel , John C. Schotland

Strong gravitational lensing provides a wealth of astrophysical information on the baryonic and dark matter content of galaxies. It also serves as a valuable cosmological probe by allowing us to measure the Hubble constant independently of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-03-31 A. Galan , A. Peel , R. Joseph , F. Courbin , J. -L. Starck

Learning new concepts from a few of samples is a standard challenge in computer vision. The main directions to improve the learning ability of few-shot training models include (i) a robust similarity learning and (ii) generating or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Hongguang Zhang , Jing Zhang , Piotr Koniusz

Scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) enables atomic-resolution imaging and atom manipulation, but its utility is often limited by tip degradation and slow serial data acquisition. Fabrication adds another layer of complexity since the tip…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Nikola L. Kolev , Tommaso Rodani , Neil J. Curson , Taylor J. Z. Stock , Alberto Cazzaniga

3D Gaussian Splatting has shown remarkable capabilities in novel view rendering tasks and exhibits significant potential for multi-view optimization.However, the original 3D Gaussian Splatting lacks color representation for inputs in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Haoran Wang , Jingwei Huang , Lu Yang , Tianchen Deng , Gaojing Zhang , Mingrui Li

Ultra sparse-view computed tomography (CT) algorithms can reduce radiation exposure of patients, but those algorithms lack an explicit cycle consistency loss minimization and an explicit log-likelihood maximization in testing. Here, we…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-04 Hisaichi Shibata , Shouhei Hanaoka , Yukihiro Nomura , Takahiro Nakao , Tomomi Takenaga , Naoto Hayashi , Osamu Abe

We study posterior sampling for inverse problems in discrete state spaces using discrete diffusion models as generative priors. While continuous diffusion models have become widely used for inverse problems, their discrete counterparts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chaitanya Amballa , Sattwik Basu , Jorge Vančo Sampedro , Romit Roy Choudhury

Sparse-view computed tomography (CT) is known as a widely used approach to reduce radiation dose while accelerating imaging through lowered projection views and correlated calculations. However, its severe imaging noise and streaking…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-20 Yitong Liu , Ken Deng , Chang Sun , Hongwen Yang

The reconstruction of unsteady flow fields from limited measurements is a challenging and crucial task for many engineering applications. Machine learning models are gaining popularity for solving this problem due to their ability to learn…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-09 Marc Amorós-Trepat , Luis Medrano-Navarro , Qiang Liu , Luca Guastoni , Nils Thuerey