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Process-supervised reward models serve as a fine-grained function that provides detailed step-wise feedback to model responses, facilitating effective selection of reasoning trajectories for complex tasks. Despite its advantages, evaluation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Haoqin Tu , Weitao Feng , Hardy Chen , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Cihang Xie

Lately, researchers in artificial intelligence have been really interested in how language and vision come together, giving rise to the development of multimodal models that aim to seamlessly integrate textual and visual information.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Rajat Chawla , Arkajit Datta , Tushar Verma , Adarsh Jha , Anmol Gautam , Ayush Vatsal , Sukrit Chaterjee , Mukunda NS , Ishaan Bhola

Process Reward Model (PRM) is widely used in the post-training of Large Language Model (LLM) because it can perform fine-grained evaluation of the reasoning steps of generated content. However, most PRMs lack long-term reasoning and deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Xinquan Chen , Chongying Yue , Bangwei Liu , Xuhong Wang , Yingchun Wang , Chaochao Lu

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown promising performance in vision-language understanding and reasoning tasks. However, their visual understanding behaviors remain underexplored. A fundamental question arises: to what extent do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Xiaoying Xing , Chia-Wen Kuo , Li Fuxin , Yulei Niu , Fan Chen , Ming Li , Ying Wu , Longyin Wen , Sijie Zhu

Capitalizing on the remarkable advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), there is a burgeoning initiative to harness LLMs for instruction following robotic navigation. Such a trend underscores the potential of LLMs to generalize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Gengze Zhou , Yicong Hong , Zun Wang , Xin Eric Wang , Qi Wu

Recent advancements in multimodal techniques open exciting possibilities for models excelling in diverse tasks involving text, audio, and image processing. Models like GPT-4V, blending computer vision and language modeling, excel in complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Xiang Zhang , Senyu Li , Zijun Wu , Ning Shi

The remarkable performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) can be enhanced with test-time computation, which relies on external tools and even other deep learning models. However, existing approaches for integrating non-text modality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Tianle Zhang , Wanlong Fang , Jonathan Woo , Paridhi Latawa , Deepak A. Subramanian , Alvin Chan

Reward engineering, the manual specification of reward functions to induce desired agent behavior, remains a fundamental challenge in multi-agent reinforcement learning. This difficulty is amplified by credit assignment ambiguity,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Haoran Su , Yandong Sun , Congjia Yu

Vision-to-code tasks require models to reconstruct structured visual inputs, such as charts, tables, and SVGs, into executable or structured representations with high visual fidelity. While recent Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Ziyu Liu , Shengyuan Ding , Xinyu Fang , Xuanlang Dai , Penghui Yang , Jianze Liang , Jiaqi Wang , Kai Chen , Dahua Lin , Yuhang Zang

We introduce VLM-Lens, a toolkit designed to enable systematic benchmarking, analysis, and interpretation of vision-language models (VLMs) by supporting the extraction of intermediate outputs from any layer during the forward pass of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Hala Sheta , Eric Huang , Shuyu Wu , Ilia Alenabi , Jiajun Hong , Ryker Lin , Ruoxi Ning , Daniel Wei , Jialin Yang , Jiawei Zhou , Ziqiao Ma , Freda Shi

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has shown great potential in refining robotic manipulation policies, yet its efficacy remains strongly bottlenecked by the difficulty of designing generalizable reward functions. In this paper, we propose a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yanru Wu , Weiduo Yuan , Ang Qi , Vitor Guizilini , Jiageng Mao , Yue Wang

Large-scale pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have significantly advanced transfer learning across diverse tasks. However, adapting these models with limited few-shot data often leads to overfitting, undermining their ability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Yuncheng Guo , Xiaodong Gu

Recent advances in pre-trained Vision Language Models (VLM) have shown promising potential for effectively adapting to downstream tasks through prompt learning, without the need for additional annotated paired datasets. To supplement the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Sua Lee , Kyubum Shin , Jung Ho Park

Existing methods for extracting reward signals in Reinforcement Learning typically rely on labeled data and dedicated training splits, a setup that contrasts with how humans learn directly from their environment. In this work, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Akshit Singh , Shyam Marjit , Wei Lin , Paul Gavrikov , Serena Yeung-Levy , Hilde Kuehne , Rogerio Feris , Sivan Doveh , James Glass , M. Jehanzeb Mirza

Pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are becoming increasingly popular across various visual tasks, and several open-sourced VLM variants have been released. However, selecting the best-performing pre-trained VLM for a specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Hao-Zhe Tan , Zhi Zhou , Yu-Feng Li , Lan-Zhe Guo

Commonsense reasoning often requires both textual and visual knowledge, yet Large Language Models (LLMs) trained solely on text lack visual grounding (e.g., "what color is an emperor penguin's belly?"). Visual Language Models (VLMs) perform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Guy Yariv , Idan Schwartz , Yossi Adi , Sagie Benaim

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) frequently suffer from visual perception errors and hallucinations that compromise answer accuracy in complex reasoning tasks. Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) offers a promising solution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yin Zhang , Jiaxuan Zhao , Zonghan Wu , Zengxiang Li , Junfeng Fang , Kun Wang , Qingsong Wen , Yilei Shao

Visual-language models (VLM) have emerged as a powerful tool for learning a unified embedding space for vision and language. Inspired by large language models, which have demonstrated strong reasoning and multi-task capabilities, visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Yifan Li , Zhixin Lai , Wentao Bao , Zhen Tan , Anh Dao , Kewei Sui , Jiayi Shen , Dong Liu , Huan Liu , Yu Kong

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs), initiated with a trained LLM, first align images with text and then fine-tune on multimodal mixed inputs. However, the MLLM catastrophically forgets the text-only instructions, which do not include…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Yi-Kai Zhang , Shiyin Lu , Yang Li , Yanqing Ma , Qing-Guo Chen , Zhao Xu , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , De-Chuan Zhan , Han-Jia Ye

Learning reward functions for physical skills are challenging due to the vast spectrum of skills, the high-dimensionality of state and action space, and nuanced sensory feedback. The complexity of these tasks makes acquiring expert…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yuwei Zeng , Yiqing Xu