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Personalizing large language models (LLMs) to accommodate diverse user preferences is essential for enhancing alignment and user satisfaction. Traditional reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) approaches often rely on monolithic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Avinandan Bose , Zhihan Xiong , Yuejie Chi , Simon Shaolei Du , Lin Xiao , Maryam Fazel

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards~(RLVR) has become a prominent paradigm to enhance the capabilities (i.e.\ long-context) of Large Language Models~(LLMs). However, it often relies on gold-standard answers or explicit evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yao Xiao , Lei Wang , Yue Deng , Guanzheng Chen , Ziqi Jin , Jung-jae Kim , Xiaoli Li , Roy Ka-wei Lee , Lidong Bing

Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a powerful tool for workforce training, offering immersive, interactive, and risk-free environments that enhance skill acquisition, decision-making, and confidence. Despite its advantages, developing VR…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Subin Raj Peter

As the performance of Large-scale Vision Language Models (LVLMs) improves, they are increasingly capable of responding in multiple languages, and there is an expectation that the demand for explanations generated by LVLMs will grow.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Shintaro Ozaki , Kazuki Hayashi , Yusuke Sakai , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Katsuhiko Hayashi , Taro Watanabe

Aligning large vision-language models (LVLMs) with human preferences is challenging due to the scarcity of fine-grained, high-quality, and multimodal preference data without human annotations. Existing methods relying on direct distillation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Muzhi Dai , Jiashuo Sun , Zhiyuan Zhao , Shixuan Liu , Rui Li , Junyu Gao , Xuelong Li

Process Reward Models (PRMs) provide step-level supervision that improves the reliability of reasoning in large language models. While PRMs have been extensively studied in text-based domains, their extension to Vision Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Brandon Ong , Tej Deep Pala , Vernon Toh , William Chandra Tjhi , Soujanya Poria

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across a range of tasks that integrate visual and textual understanding, such as image captioning and visual question answering. These models are trained on large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xiaomei Zhang , Hanyu Zheng , Xiangyu Zhu , Jinghuan Wei , Junhong Zou , Zhen Lei , Zhaoxiang Zhang

This paper explores training medical vision-language models (VLMs) -- where the visual and language inputs are embedded into a common space -- with a particular focus on scenarios where training data is limited, as is often the case in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Rhydian Windsor , Amir Jamaludin , Timor Kadir , Andrew Zisserman

In this work, we investigate how to leverage pre-trained visual-language models (VLM) for online Reinforcement Learning (RL). In particular, we focus on sparse reward tasks with pre-defined textual task descriptions. We first identify the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Yuwei Fu , Haichao Zhang , Di Wu , Wei Xu , Benoit Boulet

Humans learn language via multi-modal knowledge. However, due to the text-only pre-training scheme, most existing pre-trained language models (PLMs) are hindered from the multi-modal information. To inject visual knowledge into PLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Xinyun Zhang , Haochen Tan , Han Wu , Bei Yu

Motivated by the progress made by large language models (LLMs), we introduce the framework of verbalized machine learning (VML). In contrast to conventional machine learning (ML) models that are typically optimized over a continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Tim Z. Xiao , Robert Bamler , Bernhard Schölkopf , Weiyang Liu

Visual place recognition (VPR) remains challenging due to significant viewpoint changes and appearance variations. Mainstream works tackle these challenges by developing various feature aggregation methods to transform deep features into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Teng Wang , Lingquan Meng , Lei Cheng , Changyin Sun

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled automated generation of structured layouts from natural language descriptions. Existing methods typically follow a code-only paradigm that generates code to represent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Junrong Guo , Shancheng Fang , Yadong Qu , Hongtao Xie

The success of large language models has garnered widespread attention for model merging techniques, especially training-free methods which combine model capabilities within the parameter space. However, two challenges remain: (1) uniform…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Jiaqi Han , Jingwen Ye , Shunyu Liu , Haofei Zhang , Jie Song , Zunlei Feng , Mingli Song

Recent advancements in Vision-Language (VL) research have sparked new benchmarks for complex visual reasoning, challenging models' advanced reasoning ability. Traditional Vision-Language Models (VLMs) perform well in visual perception tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zhiyuan Li , Dongnan Liu , Chaoyi Zhang , Heng Wang , Tengfei Xue , Weidong Cai

Continual learning enables pre-trained generative vision-language models (VLMs) to incorporate knowledge from new tasks without retraining data from previous ones. Recent methods update a visual projector to translate visual information for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Hyundong Jin , Hyung Jin Chang , Eunwoo Kim

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved remarkable success in a wide range of multimodal tasks by integrating pre-trained vision encoders and large language models. However, current LVLMs primarily rely on visual features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Xu Li , Yi Zheng , Haotian Chen , Xiaolei Chen , Yuxuan Liang , Chenghang Lai , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

Traditional alignment methods for Large Vision and Language Models (LVLMs) primarily rely on human-curated preference data. Human-generated preference data is costly; machine-generated preference data is limited in quality; and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jefferson Hernandez , Jing Shi , Simon Jenni , Vicente Ordonez , Kushal Kafle

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel in integrating visual and textual information for vision-centric tasks, but their handling of inconsistencies between modalities is underexplored. We investigate VLMs' modality preferences when faced with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Ailin Deng , Tri Cao , Zhirui Chen , Bryan Hooi

Large Language Models (LLMs) remain heavily centered on English, with limited performance in low-resource languages. Existing adaptation approaches, such as continual pre-training, demand significant computational resources. In the case of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Eneko Valero , Maria Ribalta i Albado , Oscar Sainz , Naiara Perez , German Rigau
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