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The 180x360 omnidirectional field of view captured by 360-degree cameras enables their use in a wide range of applications such as embodied AI and virtual reality. Although recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zihao Dongfang , Xu Zheng , Ziqiao Weng , Yuanhuiyi Lyu , Danda Pani Paudel , Luc Van Gool , Kailun Yang , Xuming Hu

How can we build general-purpose robot systems for open-world semantic navigation, e.g., searching a novel environment for a target object specified in natural language? To tackle this challenge, we introduce OSG Navigator, a modular system…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Joel Loo , Zhanxin Wu , David Hsu

Robot navigation methods allow mobile robots to operate in applications such as warehouses or hospitals. While the environment in which the robot operates imposes requirements on its navigation behavior, most existing methods do not allow…

Spatial question answering over egocentric video is a challenging task that requires Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to reason about 3D object positions, scene affordances, and directional relationships, particularly in the zero-shot setting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Pawat Chunhachatrachai , Gueter Josmy Faure , Hung-Ting Su , Winston H. Hsu

Performing robotic grasping from a cluttered bin based on human instructions is a challenging task, as it requires understanding both the nuances of free-form language and the spatial relationships between objects. Vision-Language Models…

Current Large Language Models have achieved Olympiad-level logic, yet Vision-Language Models paradoxically falter on elementary spatial tasks like block counting. This capability mismatch reveals a critical ``spatial intelligence gap,''…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Shaoxiong Zhan , Yanlin Lai , Zheng Liu , Hai Lin , Shen Li , Xiaodong Cai , Zijian Lin , Wen Huang , Hai-Tao Zheng

Object detection traditionally relies on fixed category sets, requiring costly re-training to handle novel objects. While Open-World and Open-Vocabulary Object Detection (OWOD and OVOD) improve flexibility, OWOD lacks semantic labels for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Furkan Mumcu , Michael J. Jones , Anoop Cherian , Yasin Yilmaz

How can we build robots for open-world semantic navigation tasks, like searching for target objects in novel scenes? While foundation models have the rich knowledge and generalisation needed for these tasks, a suitable scene representation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Joel Loo , Zhanxin Wu , David Hsu

Language is an interface to the outside world. In order for embodied agents to use it, language must be grounded in other, sensorimotor modalities. While there is an extended literature studying how machines can learn grounded language, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Tristan Karch , Laetitia Teodorescu , Katja Hofmann , Clément Moulin-Frier , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

Ensuring safe interactions in human-centric environments requires robots to understand and adhere to constraints recognized by humans as "common sense" (e.g., "moving a cup of water above a laptop is unsafe as the water may spill" or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Lukas Brunke , Yanni Zhang , Ralf Römer , Jack Naimer , Nikola Staykov , Siqi Zhou , Angela P. Schoellig

An understanding of the nature of objects could help robots to solve both high-level abstract tasks and improve performance at lower-level concrete tasks. Although deep learning has facilitated progress in image understanding, a robot's…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Joris Guérin , Olivier Gibaru , Eric Nyiri , Stéphane Thiery , Byron Boots

When searching for an object humans navigate through a scene using semantic information and spatial relationships. We look for an object using our knowledge of its attributes and relationships with other objects to infer the probable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Jean-Benoit Delbrouck , Stéphane Dupont

Zero-shot learning extends the conventional object classification to the unseen class recognition by introducing semantic representations of classes. Existing approaches predominantly focus on learning the proper mapping function for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Yizhe Zhu , Jianwen Xie , Zhiqiang Tang , Xi Peng , Ahmed Elgammal

Mobile robots require comprehensive scene understanding to operate effectively in diverse environments, enriched with contextual information such as layouts, objects, and their relationships. Although advances like neural radiation fields…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Jiawei Hou , Wenhao Guan , Longfei Liang , Jianfeng Feng , Xiangyang Xue , Taiping Zeng

Spatial referring is a fundamental capability of embodied robots to interact with the 3D physical world. However, even with the powerful pretrained vision language models (VLMs), recent approaches are still not qualified to accurately…

Mobile robots in unstructured, mapless environments must rely on an obstacle avoidance module to navigate safely. The standard avoidance techniques estimate the locations of obstacles with respect to the robot but are unaware of the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Jungseok Hong , Karin de Langis , Cole Wyeth , Christopher Walaszek , Junaed Sattar

Localizing objects in 3D scenes based on natural language requires understanding and reasoning about spatial relations. In particular, it is often crucial to distinguish similar objects referred by the text, such as "the left most chair"…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Shizhe Chen , Pierre-Louis Guhur , Makarand Tapaswi , Cordelia Schmid , Ivan Laptev

Zero-shot recognition aims to classify an image by selecting the most compatible label description from a set of candidate classes without any task-specific supervision. In fine-grained settings, however, the relevant evidence often lies in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Junyi Hu , Qiji Zhou , Lei Zhang , Yue Zhang

Current Visual-Language Navigation (VLN) methodologies face a trade-off between semantic understanding and control precision. While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) offer superior reasoning, deploying them as low-level controllers…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Zhenxing Xu , Brikit Lu , Weidong Bao , Zhengqiu Zhu , Junsong Zhang , Hui Yan , Wenhao Lu , Ji Wang

We introduce SENT-Map, a semantically enhanced topological map for representing indoor environments, designed to support autonomous navigation and manipulation by leveraging advancements in foundational models (FMs). Through representing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Raj Surya Rajendran Kathirvel , Zach A Chavis , Stephen J. Guy , Karthik Desingh