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Deep generative models are rapidly advancing structure-based drug design, offering substantial promise for generating small molecule ligands that bind to specific protein targets. However, most current approaches assume a rigid protein…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-19 Xinzhe Zheng , Shiyu Jiang , Gustavo Seabra , Chenglong Li , Yanjun Li

Proteins adopt multiple structural conformations to perform their diverse biological functions, and understanding these conformations is crucial for advancing drug discovery. Traditional physics-based simulation methods often struggle with…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-03-14 Jiarui Lu , Xiaoyin Chen , Stephen Zhewen Lu , Chence Shi , Hongyu Guo , Yoshua Bengio , Jian Tang

Generating novel active molecules for a given protein is an extremely challenging task for generative models that requires an understanding of the complex physical interactions between the molecule and its environment. In this paper, we…

Goal-directed molecular generation requires satisfying heterogeneous constraints such as protein--ligand compatibility and multi-objective drug-like properties, yet existing methods often optimize these constraints in isolation, failing to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yanting Li , Zhuoyang Jiang , Enyan Dai , Lei Wang , Wen-Cai Ye , Li Liu

Deep generative models have recently achieved superior performance in 3D molecule generation. Most of them first generate atoms and then add chemical bonds based on the generated atoms in a post-processing manner. However, there might be no…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-05-15 Xingang Peng , Jiaqi Guan , Qiang Liu , Jianzhu Ma

Generative models of 3D molecular structure play a rapidly growing role in the design and simulation of molecules. Diffusion models currently dominate the space of 3D molecule generation, while autoregressive models have trailed behind. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Austin H. Cheng , Chong Sun , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

Equivariant diffusion models have achieved impressive performance in 3D molecule generation. These models incorporate Euclidean symmetries of 3D molecules by utilizing an SE(3)-equivariant denoising network. However, specialized equivariant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yuhui Ding , Thomas Hofmann

Current SMILES-based diffusion models for molecule generation typically support only unimodal constraint. They inject conditioning signals at the start of the training process and require retraining a new model from scratch whenever the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Yunzhe Zhang , Yifei Wang , Khanh Vinh Nguyen , Pengyu Hong

Molecular conformation generation, a critical aspect of computational chemistry, involves producing the three-dimensional conformer geometry for a given molecule. Generating molecular conformation via diffusion requires learning to reverse…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-10-10 Zihan Zhou , Ruiying Liu , Chaolong Ying , Ruimao Zhang , Tianshu Yu

Graph neural networks are emerging as promising methods for modeling molecular graphs, in which nodes and edges correspond to atoms and chemical bonds, respectively. Recent studies show that when 3D molecular geometries, such as bond…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Zhao Xu , Youzhi Luo , Xuan Zhang , Xinyi Xu , Yaochen Xie , Meng Liu , Kaleb Dickerson , Cheng Deng , Maho Nakata , Shuiwang Ji

Rich data and powerful machine learning models allow us to design drugs for a specific protein target \textit{in silico}. Recently, the inclusion of 3D structures during targeted drug design shows superior performance to other target-free…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-03-08 Jiaqi Guan , Wesley Wei Qian , Xingang Peng , Yufeng Su , Jian Peng , Jianzhu Ma

Obtaining 3D conformations of realistic polyatomic molecules at the quantum chemistry level remains challenging, and although recent machine learning advances offer promise, predicting large-molecule structures still requires substantial…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Yifei Zhu , Jiahui Zhang , Jiawei Peng , Mengge Li , Chao Xu , Zhenggang Lan

Diffusion models have shown great promise for image generation, beating GANs in terms of generation diversity, with comparable image quality. However, their application to 3D shapes has been limited to point or voxel representations that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Gimin Nam , Mariem Khlifi , Andrew Rodriguez , Alberto Tono , Linqi Zhou , Paul Guerrero

Controllable generation of 3D assets is important for many practical applications like content creation in movies, games and engineering, as well as in AR/VR. Recently, diffusion models have shown remarkable results in generation quality of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Philipp Schröppel , Christopher Wewer , Jan Eric Lenssen , Eddy Ilg , Thomas Brox

Probabilistic denoising diffusion models (DDMs) have set a new standard for 2D image generation. Extending DDMs for 3D content creation is an active field of research. Here, we propose TetraDiffusion, a diffusion model that operates on a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Nikolai Kalischek , Torben Peters , Jan D. Wegner , Konrad Schindler

Text-to-3D generation has shown rapid progress in recent days with the advent of score distillation, a methodology of using pretrained text-to-2D diffusion models to optimize neural radiance field (NeRF) in the zero-shot setting. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Junyoung Seo , Wooseok Jang , Min-Seop Kwak , Hyeonsu Kim , Jaehoon Ko , Junho Kim , Jin-Hwa Kim , Jiyoung Lee , Seungryong Kim

We introduce a new representation for 3D molecules based on their continuous atomic density fields. Using this representation, we propose a new model based on walk-jump sampling for unconditional 3D molecule generation in the continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Matthieu Kirchmeyer , Pedro O. Pinheiro , Saeed Saremi

The integration of deep learning, particularly AI-Generated Content, with high-quality data derived from ab initio calculations has emerged as a promising avenue for transforming the landscape of scientific research. However, the challenge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Kaiwei Zhang , Yange Lin , Guangcheng Wu , Yuxiang Ren , Xuecang Zhang , Bo wang , Xiaoyu Zhang , Weitao Du

Molecule generation is advancing rapidly in chemical discovery and drug design. Flow matching methods have recently set the state of the art (SOTA) in unconditional molecule generation, surpassing score-based diffusion models. However,…

Diffusion Language models (DLMs) are a promising avenue for text generation due to their practical properties on tractable controllable generation. They also have the advantage of not having to predict text autoregressively. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Sofia Maria Lo Cicero Vaina , Nikita Balagansky , Daniil Gavrilov