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Although recent text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models excel at aligning generated images with textual prompts, controlling the visual style of the output remains a challenging task. In this work, we propose Style-Prompting Guidance (SPG), a…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Qian Liang , Zichong Chen , Yang Zhou , Hui Huang

Recent advances in text-to-image (T2I) generation have achieved remarkable visual outcomes through large-scale rectified flow models. However, how these models behave under long prompts remains underexplored. Long prompts encode rich…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Bo-Kai Ruan , Teng-Fang Hsiao , Ling Lo , Yi-Lun Wu , Hong-Han Shuai

State-of-the-arts text-to-image generation models such as Imagen and Stable Diffusion Model have succeed remarkable progresses in synthesizing high-quality, feature-rich images with high resolution guided by human text prompts. Since…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Ziyi Dong , Pengxu Wei , Liang Lin

Text-to-image generation has witnessed great progress, especially with the recent advancements in diffusion models. Since texts cannot provide detailed conditions like object appearance, reference images are usually leveraged for the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Zhiqi Huang , Huixin Xiong , Haoyu Wang , Longguang Wang , Zhiheng Li

The strength of modern generative models lies in their ability to be controlled through text-based prompts. Typical "hard" prompts are made from interpretable words and tokens, and must be hand-crafted by humans. There are also "soft"…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Yuxin Wen , Neel Jain , John Kirchenbauer , Micah Goldblum , Jonas Geiping , Tom Goldstein

With the introduction of the transformer architecture in computer vision, increasing model scale has been demonstrated as a clear path to achieving performance and robustness gains. However, with model parameter counts reaching the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Jochem Loedeman , Maarten C. Stol , Tengda Han , Yuki M. Asano

Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets), a new family of probabilistic samplers, have demonstrated remarkable capabilities to generate diverse sets of high-reward candidates, in contrast to standard return maximization approaches (e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Haoran He , Can Chang , Huazhe Xu , Ling Pan

Diffusion-based generative models have significantly advanced text-to-image generation but encounter challenges when processing lengthy and intricate text prompts describing complex scenes with multiple objects. While excelling in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Hanan Gani , Shariq Farooq Bhat , Muzammal Naseer , Salman Khan , Peter Wonka

Text-to-image generation models~(e.g., Stable Diffusion) have achieved significant advancements, enabling the creation of high-quality and realistic images based on textual descriptions. Prompt inversion, the task of identifying the textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Mingzhe Li , Kejing Xia , Gehao Zhang , Zhenting Wang , Guanhong Tao , Siqi Pan , Juan Zhai , Shiqing Ma

The recently proposed generative flow networks (GFlowNets) are a method of training a policy to sample compositional discrete objects with probabilities proportional to a given reward via a sequence of actions. GFlowNets exploit the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Daniil Tiapkin , Nikita Morozov , Alexey Naumov , Dmitry Vetrov

Text-to-image diffusion model is a popular paradigm that synthesizes personalized images by providing a text prompt and a random Gaussian noise. While people observe that some noises are ``golden noises'' that can achieve better text-image…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Zikai Zhou , Shitong Shao , Lichen Bai , Shufei Zhang , Zhiqiang Xu , Bo Han , Zeke Xie

The quality of the prompts provided to text-to-image diffusion models determines how faithful the generated content is to the user's intent, often requiring `prompt engineering'. To harness visual concepts from target images without prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Shweta Mahajan , Tanzila Rahman , Kwang Moo Yi , Leonid Sigal

Text-to-image models are powerful for producing high-quality images based on given text prompts, but crafting these prompts often requires specialized vocabulary. To address this, existing methods train rewriting models with supervision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Hongji Yang , Yucheng Zhou , Wencheng Han , Jianbing Shen

Finding effective prompts for language models (LMs) is critical yet notoriously difficult: the prompt space is combinatorially large, rewards are sparse due to expensive target-LM evaluation. Yet, existing RL-based prompt optimizers often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Junmo Cho , Suhan Kim , Sangjune An , Minsu Kim , Dong Bok Lee , Heejun Lee , Sung Ju Hwang , Hae Beom Lee

The rapid advancement of Text-to-Image(T2I) generative models has enabled the synthesis of high-quality images guided by textual descriptions. Despite this significant progress, these models are often susceptible in generating contents that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Yichen Sun , Zhixuan Chu , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren

Text-to-image generation models that generate images based on prompt descriptions have attracted an increasing amount of attention during the past few months. Despite their encouraging performance, these models raise concerns about the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Zeyang Sha , Zheng Li , Ning Yu , Yang Zhang

The text-to-image synthesis by diffusion models has recently shown remarkable performance in generating high-quality images. Although performs well for simple texts, the models may get confused when faced with complex texts that contain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Chang Yu , Junran Peng , Xiangyu Zhu , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Qi Tian , Zhen Lei

Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets) have been introduced as a method to sample a diverse set of candidates in an active learning context, with a training objective that makes them approximately sample in proportion to a given reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yoshua Bengio , Salem Lahlou , Tristan Deleu , Edward J. Hu , Mo Tiwari , Emmanuel Bengio

This paper introduces the first gradient-based framework for prompt optimization in text-to-image diffusion models. We formulate prompt engineering as a discrete optimization problem over the language space. Two major challenges arise in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Ruochen Wang , Ting Liu , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Boqing Gong

Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets) are amortized samplers that learn stochastic policies to sequentially generate compositional objects from a given unnormalized reward distribution. They can generate diverse sets of high-reward objects,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Ling Pan , Moksh Jain , Kanika Madan , Yoshua Bengio