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Accelerating research on Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) in non-English languages is crucial for enhancing user experiences across broader populations. In this paper, we introduce JMMMU (Japanese MMMU), the first large-scale Japanese…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Shota Onohara , Atsuyuki Miyai , Yuki Imajuku , Kazuki Egashira , Jeonghun Baek , Xiang Yue , Graham Neubig , Kiyoharu Aizawa

Multiple-choice question (MCQ) datasets like Massive Multitask Language Understanding (MMLU) are widely used to evaluate the commonsense, understanding, and problem-solving abilities of large language models (LLMs). However, the open-source…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Qihao Zhao , Yangyu Huang , Tengchao Lv , Lei Cui , Qinzheng Sun , Shaoguang Mao , Xin Zhang , Ying Xin , Qiufeng Yin , Scarlett Li , Furu Wei

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have increased the demand for comprehensive benchmarks to evaluate their capabilities as human-like agents. Existing benchmarks, while useful, often focus on specific application scenarios,…

We propose KMMLU, a new Korean benchmark with 35,030 expert-level multiple-choice questions across 45 subjects ranging from humanities to STEM. While prior Korean benchmarks are translated from existing English benchmarks, KMMLU is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Guijin Son , Hanwool Lee , Sungdong Kim , Seungone Kim , Niklas Muennighoff , Taekyoon Choi , Cheonbok Park , Kang Min Yoo , Stella Biderman

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) is challenging due to their generative nature, necessitating precise evaluation methodologies. Additionally, non-English LLM evaluation lags behind English, resulting in the absence or weakness of…

Tokenization shapes how language models perceive morphology and meaning in NLP, yet widely used frequency-driven subword tokenizers (e.g., Byte Pair Encoding and WordPiece) can fragment morphologically rich and agglutinative languages in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-01 M. Ali Bayram , Ali Arda Fincan , Ahmet Semih Gümüş , Sercan Karakaş , Banu Diri , Savaş Yıldırım , Demircan Çelik

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) has been hindered by their tendency to hallucinate, generating plausible but factually incorrect information. While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems attempt to address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Selva Taş , Mahmut El Huseyni , Özay Ezerceli , Reyhan Bayraktar , Fatma Betül Terzioğlu

The breakthrough of generative large language models (LLMs) that can solve different tasks through chat interaction has led to a significant increase in the use of general benchmarks to assess the quality or performance of these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Fabio Barth , Georg Rehm

In this study, we develop and assess new corpus selection and training methodologies to improve the effectiveness of Turkish language models. Specifically, we adapted Large Language Model generated datasets and translated English datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-05 H. Toprak Kesgin , M. Kaan Yuce , Eren Dogan , M. Egemen Uzun , Atahan Uz , Elif Ince , Yusuf Erdem , Osama Shbib , Ahmed Zeer , M. Fatih Amasyali

Multi-modal large language models(MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress and demonstrated powerful knowledge comprehension and reasoning abilities. However, the mastery of domain-specific knowledge, which is essential for evaluating the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Zheqi He , Xinya Wu , Pengfei Zhou , Richeng Xuan , Guang Liu , Xi Yang , Qiannan Zhu , Hua Huang

In this work, we present VNLP: the first dedicated, complete, open-source, well-documented, lightweight, production-ready, state-of-the-art Natural Language Processing (NLP) package for the Turkish language. It contains a wide variety of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Meliksah Turker , Mehmet Erdi Ari , Aydin Han

This paper provides a comprehensive survey of the latest research on multilingual large language models (MLLMs). MLLMs not only are able to understand and generate language across linguistic boundaries, but also represent an important…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Shaolin Zhu , Supryadi , Shaoyang Xu , Haoran Sun , Leiyu Pan , Menglong Cui , Jiangcun Du , Renren Jin , António Branco , Deyi Xiong

We present AraLingBench: a fully human annotated benchmark for evaluating the Arabic linguistic competence of large language models (LLMs). The benchmark spans five core categories: grammar, morphology, spelling, reading comprehension, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Mohammad Zbeeb , Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Sina Mukalled , Nadine Rizk , Fatima Karnib , Issam Lakkis , Ammar Mohanna , Bernard Ghanem

Multilingual capability is an essential aspect for large multimodal models, since they are usually deployed across various countries and languages. However, most existing benchmarks for multilingual multimodal reasoning struggle to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Hongyu Wang , Jiayu Xu , Senwei Xie , Ruiping Wang , Jialin Li , Zhaojie Xie , Bin Zhang , Chuyan Xiong , Xilin Chen

State-of-the-art natural language processing systems rely on supervision in the form of annotated data to learn competent models. These models are generally trained on data in a single language (usually English), and cannot be directly used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-14 Alexis Conneau , Guillaume Lample , Ruty Rinott , Adina Williams , Samuel R. Bowman , Holger Schwenk , Veselin Stoyanov

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU), which aims to extract user semantics to execute downstream tasks, is a crucial component of task-oriented dialog systems. Existing SLU datasets generally lack sufficient diversity and complexity, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yuezhang Peng , Chonghao Cai , Ziang Liu , Shuai Fan , Sheng Jiang , Hua Xu , Yuxin Liu , Qiguang Chen , Kele Xu , Yao Li , Sheng Wang , Libo Qin , Xie Chen

For natural language understanding (NLU) technology to be maximally useful, both practically and as a scientific object of study, it must be general: it must be able to process language in a way that is not exclusively tailored to any one…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Alex Wang , Amanpreet Singh , Julian Michael , Felix Hill , Omer Levy , Samuel R. Bowman

Existing MLLM benchmarks face significant challenges in evaluating Unified MLLMs (U-MLLMs) due to: 1) lack of standardized benchmarks for traditional tasks, leading to inconsistent comparisons; 2) absence of benchmarks for mixed-modality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Wulin Xie , Yi-Fan Zhang , Chaoyou Fu , Yang Shi , Bingyan Nie , Hongkai Chen , Zhang Zhang , Liang Wang , Tieniu Tan

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs), such as GPT-4o, have recently unlocked audio dialogue capabilities, enabling direct spoken exchanges with humans. The potential of LALMs broadens their applicability across a wide range of practical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Kuofeng Gao , Shu-Tao Xia , Ke Xu , Philip Torr , Jindong Gu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code understanding and generation. However, their effectiveness on non-code Software Engineering (SE) tasks remains underexplored. We present 'Software Engineering…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Fabian C. Peña , Steffen Herbold