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Virtual Reality (VR) enables users to engage with capabilities beyond human limitations, but it is not always obvious how to trigger these capabilities. Taking the lens of Affordance, we believe avatar design is the key to solving this…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yang Lu , Tianyu Zhang , Jiamu Tang , Yanna Lin , Jiankun Yang , Longyu Zhang , Shijian Luo , Yukang Yan

Digital avatars are an important part of identity representation, but there is little work on understanding how to represent disability. We interviewed 18 people with disabilities and related identities about their experiences and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Kelly Mack , Rai Ching Ling Hsu , Andrés Monroy-Hernández , Brian A. Smith , Fannie Liu

In social Virtual Reality (VR), users are embodied in avatars and interact with other users in a face-to-face manner using avatars as the medium. With the advent of social VR, people with disabilities (PWD) have shown an increasing presence…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Kexin Zhang , Elmira Deldari , Zhicong Lu , Yaxing Yao , Yuhang Zhao

With the increasing adoption of social virtual reality (VR), it is critical to design inclusive avatars. While researchers have investigated how and why blind and d/Deaf people wish to disclose their disabilities in VR, little is known…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Ria J. Gualano , Lucy Jiang , Kexin Zhang , Tanisha Shende , Andrea Stevenson Won , Shiri Azenkot

As consumer adoption of immersive technologies grows, virtual avatars will play a prominent role in the future of social computing. However, as people begin to interact more frequently through virtual avatars, it is important to ensure that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Tiffany D. Do , Steve Zelenty , Mar Gonzalez-Franco , Ryan P. McMahan

The rapid growth of virtual reality (VR) has led to increased use of social VR platforms for interaction. However, these platforms lack adequate features to support blind and low vision (BLV) users, posing significant challenges in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Jazmin Collins , Kaylah Myranda Nicholson , Yusuf Khadir , Andrea Stevenson Won , Shiri Azenkot

Augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR) hold significant potential to transform how we communicate, collaborate, and interact with others. However, there has been a lack of work to date investigating accessibility barriers in relation to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Chris Creed , Maadh Al-Kalbani , Arthur Theil , Sayan Sarcar , Ian Williams

Designing effective user interfaces (UIs) for virtual reality (VR) is essential to enhance user immersion, usability, comfort, and accessibility in virtual environments. Despite the growing adoption of VR across domains, there is a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Esin Mehmedova , Santiago Berrezueta-Guzman , Stefan Wagner

Accessibility--the process of designing for people with disabilities (PWD)--is an important but under-explored challenge in the visualization research community. Without careful attention, and if PWD are not included as equal participants…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Alan Lundgard , Crystal Lee , Arvind Satyanarayan

As social VR applications grow in popularity, blind and low vision users encounter continued accessibility barriers. Yet social VR, which enables multiple people to engage in the same virtual space, presents a unique opportunity to allow…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Jazmin Collins , Crescentia Jung , Yeonju Jang , Danielle Montour , Andrea Stevenson Won , Shiri Azenkot

Every day life tasks can present significant challenges for neurodivergent individuals, particularly those with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) who are characterized by specific sensitivities. This contribution describes a virtual reality…

Accessibility reviews provide valuable insights into both the limitations and benefits experienced by users with disabilities when using virtual reality (VR) applications. However, a comprehensive investigation into VR accessibility for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Yi Wang , Chetan Arora , Xiao Liu , Thuong Hoang , ZHengxin Zhang , Henry Been Lirn Duh , John Grundy

Poor social skills in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are associated with reduced independence in daily life. Current interventions for improving the social skills of individuals with ASD fail to represent the complexity of real-life social…

Navigation in new or unknown environments is vital, especially for visually impaired individuals. While many solutions exist, few are tailored to specific disabilities, often due to limited collaboration with handicap users in the design…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Eduardo Augusto Monteiro de Almeida , Guillaume Thomann , Angelina Dias Leão Costa

Identification within media, whether with real or fictional characters, significantly impacts users, shaping their behavior and enriching their social and emotional experiences. Immersive media, like video games, utilize virtual entities…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Navid Ashrafi , Vanessa Neuhaus , Francesco Vona , Nicolina Laura Peperkorn , Youssef Shiban , Jan-Niklas Voigt-Antons

In this paper we explore the potential of utilizing Virtual Reality (VR) as a therapeutic tool for supporting individuals in the LGBTQ+ community, who often face elevated risks of mental health issues. Specifically, we investigated the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Anish Kundu , Giulia Barbareschi , Midori Kawaguchi , Yuichiro Yano , Mizuki Ohashi , Kaori Kitaoka , Aya Seike , Kouta Minamizawa

While accessibility (a11y) guidelines exist for 3D games and virtual worlds, their applicability to extended reality (XR)'s unique interaction paradigms (e.g., spatial tracking, kinesthetic interactions) remains unexplored. XR practitioners…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Daniel Killough , Tiger F. Ji , Kexin Zhang , Yaxin Hu , Yu Huang , Ruofei Du , Yuhang Zhao

Immersive Virtual Reality typically requires a head-mounted display (HMD) to visualize the environment and hand-held controllers to interact with the virtual objects. Recently, many applications display full-body avatars to represent the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Jose Luis Ponton , Reza Keshavarz , Alejandro Beacco , Nuria Pelechano

Virtual Reality (VR) has recently gained traction with many new and ever more affordable devices being released. The increase in popularity of this paradigm of interaction has given birth to new applications and has attracted casual…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Rafael Kuffner dos Anjos , João Madeiras Pereira

The capacity to create realistic virtual humans has progressed significantly, and such characters can be found in many applications across entertainment, education and health. As an essential element of interactive virtual humans,…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Haoyang Du , Yinghan Xu , John Dingliana , Brian Keegan , Rachel McDonnell , Cathy Ennis
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