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This paper presents the coordination of two congestion management instruments - capacity limitation contracts (CLCs) and redispatch contracts (RCs) - as a risk-aware resource allocation problem. We propose that the advantages and drawbacks…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-22 Bart van der Holst , Phuong Nguyen , Johan Morren , Koen Kok

Hydrogen produced through electrolysis offers a pathway to decarbonize hard-to-abate sectors by replacing gray hydrogen derived from natural gas reforming when produced using renewable power. However, grid-connected electrolyzers may…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Andrea Gloppen Johnsen , Lesia Mitridati , Jalal Kazempour , Line Roald

Hydrogen produced through electrolysis with renewable power is considered key to decarbonize several hard-to-electrify sectors. This work proposes a novel approach to model the active electricity market participation of co-located renewable…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-03 Andrea Gloppen Johnsen , Lesia Mitridati , Jalal Kazempour , Line Roald

The cost competitiveness of green hydrogen production via electrolysis presents a significant challenge for its large-scale adoption. One potential solution to make electrolyzers profitable is to diversify their products and participate in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-14 Marco Saretta , Enrica Raheli , Jalal Kazempour

Electric vehicles (EVs) play a crucial role in the transition towards sustainable modes of transportation and thus are critical to the energy transition. As their number grows, managing the aggregate power of EV charging is crucial to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-29 Nanda Kishor Panda , Simon H. Tindemans

We study the system-level effects of the introduction of large populations of Electric Vehicles on the power and transportation networks. We assume that each EV owner solves a decision problem to pick a cost-minimizing charge and travel…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Mahnoosh Alizadeh , Hoi-To Wai , Mainak Chowdhury , Andrea Goldsmith , Anna Scaglione , Tara Javidi

This paper models a non-cooperative game between two EV charging stations. One is a fixed-power charging station purchasing electricity from the grid at wholesale price and reselling the energy to EV owners at a higher retail price; the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-18 Wenjing Shuai , Patrick Maillé , Alexander Pelov

With a growing share of electric vehicles (EVs) in our distribution grids, the need for smart charging becomes indispensable to minimise grid reinforcement. To circumvent the associated capacity limitations, this paper evaluates the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-05 Flore Verbist , Nanda Kishor Panda , Pedro P. Vergara , Peter Palensky

In electrical distribution grids, the constantly increasing number of power generation devices based on renewables demands a transition from a centralized to a distributed generation paradigm. In fact, power injection from Distributed…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-06-30 Riccardo Bonetto , Michele Rossi , Stefano Tomasin , Carlo Fischione

Following recent Danish legislation promoting energy communities, we explore how to enable these communities to provide grid services to distribution system operators. In particular, we focus on "capacity limitation services", where we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-02 Bennevis Crowley , Jalal Kazempour , Lesia Mitridati

Rapid growth of large loads led by data centers is straining grid capacity. These loads increasingly accept curtailment risk through non-firm interconnection agreements to gain faster grid access, expanding the pool of consumers subject to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Richard Mahuze , Charlotte Gressel , Ali Amadeh , K. Max Zhang

Maintaining system balance becomes increasingly challenging as market design and grid capacity enhancement lag behind the growing share of renewables, requiring greater effort from both the transmission system operator (TSO) and the Balance…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-19 Hang Thanh Nguyen , Bart Van Der Holst , Phuong Hong Nguyen , Koen Kok

The Danish system operator, Energinet, has recently introduced an innovative grid code called the P90 requirement, which allows stochastic flexible resources to bid their flexibility in Nordic ancillary service markets, contingent upon a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-08 Gustav A. Lunde , Emil V. Damm , Peter A. V. Gade , Jalal Kazempour

While volume-based grid tariffs have been the norm for residential consumers, capacity-based tariffs will become more relevant with the increasing electrification of society. A further development is capacity subscription, where consumers…

General Economics · Economics 2021-11-12 Sigurd Bjarghov , Hossein Farahmand , Gerard Doorman

This study evaluates the role of grid-connected hydrogen electrolyzers in advancing a cost-effective and in particular an equitable green hydrogen industry in Kenya to serve both domestic and international needs and markets. Using a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-07-22 Xi Xi , Boniface Kinyanjui , Daniel M. Kammen

Renewable energy sources (RES) has gained a lot of interest recently. The limited transmission capacity serving RES often leads to network congestion since they are located in remote favorable locations. As a result, when poorly scheduled,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-05 Arun Venkatesh Ramesh , Xingpeng Li

As zero-emission zones emerge in European cities, fleet operators are shifting to electric vehicles. To maintain their current operations, a clear understanding of the charging infrastructure required and its relationship to existing power…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-02 Juan Pablo Bertucci , Mauro Salazar , Theo Hofman

As climate change provides impetus for investing in smart cities, with electrified public transit systems, we consider electric public transportation buses in an urban area, which play a role in the power system operations in addition to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-27 Mertcan Yetkin , Brandon R. Augustino , Alberto J. Lamadrid , Lawrence V. Snyder

Although primarily designed for hydrogen production, electrolyzers can support power systems by providing various ancillary services, opening new revenue streams that enhance their economic viability. This paper investigates the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-07 Andrea Gloppen Johnsen , Lesia Mitridati , Donato Zarrilli , Jalal Kazempour

Wide-scale electrification of the transportation sector will require careful planning and coordination with the power grid. Left unmanaged, uncoordinated charging of electric vehicles (EVs) at increased levels of penetration will amplify…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-21 Polina Alexeenko , Eilyan Bitar
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