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Recent reasoning Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable problem-solving abilities but often generate long thinking traces whose utility is unclear. Our work aims to improve their efficiency, enabling them to reach high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Xiang Liu , Xuming Hu , Xiaowen Chu , Eunsol Choi

Prompt engineering, as an efficient and effective way to leverage Large Language Models (LLM), has drawn a lot of attention from the research community. The existing research primarily emphasizes the importance of adapting prompts to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Yuyan Chen , Zhihao Wen , Ge Fan , Zhengyu Chen , Wei Wu , Dayiheng Liu , Zhixu Li , Bang Liu , Yanghua Xiao

Language models (LMs) pretrained on a large text corpus and fine-tuned on a downstream text corpus and fine-tuned on a downstream task becomes a de facto training strategy for several natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Recently, an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Junghoon Lee , Jounghee Kim , Pilsung Kang

We present a simple yet effective end-to-end Video-language Pre-training (VidLP) framework, Masked Contrastive Video-language Pretraining (MAC), for video-text retrieval tasks. Our MAC aims to reduce video representation's spatial and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Fangxun Shu , Biaolong Chen , Yue Liao , Shuwen Xiao , Wenyu Sun , Xiaobo Li , Yousong Zhu , Jinqiao Wang , Si Liu

Large language models have found success by scaling up capabilities to work in general settings. The same can unfortunately not be said for interpretability methods. The current trend in mechanistic interpretability is to provide precise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Jonathan Katzy , Razvan-Mihai Popescu , Erik Mekkes , Arie van Deursen , Maliheh Izadi

Recently, significant progress has been made in masked image modeling to catch up to masked language modeling. However, unlike words in NLP, the lack of semantic decomposition of images still makes masked autoencoding (MAE) different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Gang Li , Heliang Zheng , Daqing Liu , Chaoyue Wang , Bing Su , Changwen Zheng

In this paper, we introduce a novel learning paradigm for Adaptive Large Language Model (LLM) agents that eliminates the need for fine-tuning the underlying LLMs. Existing approaches are often either rigid, relying on static, handcrafted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Huichi Zhou , Yihang Chen , Siyuan Guo , Xue Yan , Kin Hei Lee , Zihan Wang , Ka Yiu Lee , Guchun Zhang , Kun Shao , Linyi Yang , Jun Wang

Current NLP models are predominantly trained through a two-stage "pre-train then fine-tune" pipeline. Prior work has shown that inserting an intermediate pre-training stage, using heuristic masking policies for masked language modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Qinyuan Ye , Belinda Z. Li , Sinong Wang , Benjamin Bolte , Hao Ma , Wen-tau Yih , Xiang Ren , Madian Khabsa

Protein language models (pLMs) have recently gained significant attention for their ability to uncover relationships between sequence, structure, and function from evolutionary statistics, thereby accelerating therapeutic drug discovery.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Darshan Patil , Pranshu Malviya , Mathieu Reymond , Quentin Fournier , Sarath Chandar

Recent advances in pretraining general foundation models have significantly improved performance across diverse downstream tasks. While autoregressive (AR) generative models like GPT have revolutionized NLP, most visual generative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Jinghan Li , Yang Jin , Hao Jiang , Yadong Mu , Yang Song , Kun Xu

The recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly improved language understanding and generation capabilities. However, it is difficult to deploy LLMs on resource-constrained edge devices due to their high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Haotian Zheng , Jinke Ren , Yushan Sun , Ruichen Zhang , Wenbo Zhang , Zhen Li , Dusit Niyato , Shuguang Cui , Yatong Han

Large Language Models have achieved remarkable success across various natural language processing tasks, yet their high computational cost during inference remains a major bottleneck. This paper introduces Sparse Expert Activation Pruning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Xun Liang , Hanyu Wang , Huayi Lai , Simin Niu , Shichao Song , Jiawei Yang , Jihao Zhao , Feiyu Xiong , Bo Tang , Zhiyu Li

Large language model (LLM) decoding involves generating a sequence of tokens based on a given context, where each token is predicted one at a time using the model's learned probabilities. The typical autoregressive decoding method requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Xukun Liu , Bowen Lei , Ruqi Zhang , Dongkuan Xu

Recent masked diffusion language models (MDLMs), such as LLaDA and Dream, have achieved performance comparable to autoregressive large language models. Unlike autoregressive models, which generate text sequentially, MDLMs generate text by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Georu Lee , Seungwon Jeong , Hoki Kim , Jinseong Park , Woojin Lee

Transformer-based language models (LMs) track contextual information through large, hard-coded input windows. We introduce MemoryPrompt, a leaner approach in which the LM is complemented by a small auxiliary recurrent network that passes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Nathanaël Carraz Rakotonirina , Marco Baroni

Most language models (LMs) are trained and applied in an autoregressive left-to-right fashion, assuming that the next token only depends on the preceding ones. However, this assumption ignores the potential benefits of using the full…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Anh Nguyen , Nikos Karampatziakis , Weizhu Chen

Textual adversarial examples pose serious threats to the reliability of natural language processing systems. Recent studies suggest that adversarial examples tend to deviate from the underlying manifold of normal texts, whereas pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Xiaomei Zhang , Zhaoxi Zhang , Yanjun Zhang , Xufei Zheng , Leo Yu Zhang , Shengshan Hu , Shirui Pan

Autoregressive pretraining has become the de facto paradigm for learning general-purpose representations in large language models (LLMs). However, linear probe performance across downstream perception tasks shows substantial variability,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yu-Ang Cheng , Leyang Hu , Hai Huang , Randall Balestriero

Autoregressive next-token prediction with the Transformer decoder has become a de facto standard in large language models (LLMs), achieving remarkable success in Natural Language Processing (NLP) at scale. Extending this paradigm to audio…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-15 Shu-wen Yang , Byeonggeun Kim , Kuan-Po Huang , Qingming Tang , Huy Phan , Bo-Ru Lu , Harsha Sundar , Shalini Ghosh , Hung-yi Lee , Chieh-Chi Kao , Chao Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have led to a series of breakthroughs in natural language processing (NLP), owing to their excellent understanding and generation abilities. Remarkably, what further sets these models apart is the massive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Daliang Li , Ankit Singh Rawat , Manzil Zaheer , Xin Wang , Michal Lukasik , Andreas Veit , Felix Yu , Sanjiv Kumar