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Our main result is a reduction from worst-case lattice problems such as GapSVP and SIVP to a certain learning problem. This learning problem is a natural extension of the `learning from parity with error' problem to higher moduli. It can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Oded Regev

Whilst lattice-based cryptosystems are believed to be resistant to quantum attack, they are often forced to pay for that security with inefficiencies in implementation. This problem is overcome by ring- and module-based schemes such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Christian Porter , Andrew Mendelsohn , Cong Ling

We initiate the study of multi-party computation for classical functionalities (in the plain model) with security against malicious polynomial-time quantum adversaries. We observe that existing techniques readily give a polynomial-round…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-23 Amit Agarwal , James Bartusek , Vipul Goyal , Dakshita Khurana , Giulio Malavolta

In this work, we study the solution of shortest vector problems (SVPs) arising in terms of learning with error problems (LWEs). LWEs are linear systems of equations over a modular ring, where a perturbation vector is added to the right-hand…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Tobias Köppl , René Zander , Louis Henkel , Nikolay Tcholtchev

We show direct and conceptually simple reductions between the classical learning with errors (LWE) problem and its continuous analog, CLWE (Bruna, Regev, Song and Tang, STOC 2021). This allows us to bring to bear the powerful machinery of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Aparna Gupte , Neekon Vafa , Vinod Vaikuntanathan

We construct a strong PUF with provable security against ML attacks on both classical and quantum computers. The security is guaranteed by the cryptographic hardness of learning decryption functions of public-key cryptosystems, and the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Xiaodan Xi , Ge Li , Ye Wang , Yeonsoo Jeon , Michael Orshansky

The Learning-With-Errors (LWE) problem is a fundamental computational challenge with implications for post-quantum cryptography and computational learning theory. Here we propose a quantum-classical hybrid algorithm with Ising model to…

Learning with Errors (LWE) is a hard math problem underpinning many proposed post-quantum cryptographic (PQC) systems. The only PQC Key Exchange Mechanism (KEM) standardized by NIST is based on module~LWE, and current publicly available PQ…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Cathy Li , Jana Sotáková , Emily Wenger , Mohamed Malhou , Evrard Garcelon , Francois Charton , Kristin Lauter

In this paper, we survey the status of attacks on the ring and polynomial learning with errors problems (RLWE and PLWE). Recent work on the security of these problems [Eisentr\"ager-Hallgren-Lauter, Elias-Lauter-Ozman-Stange] gives rise to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-24 Yara Elias , Kristin E. Lauter , Ekin Ozman , Katherine E. Stange

Ring Learning With Error (RLWE) algorithm is used in Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC) and Homomorphic Encryption (HE) algorithm. The existing classical crypto algorithms may be broken in quantum computers. The adversaries can store all…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Paresh Baidya , Swagata Mondal , Rourab Paul

The widespread deployment of products powered by machine learning models is raising concerns around data privacy and information security worldwide. To address this issue, Federated Learning was first proposed as a privacy-preserving…

In this paper, we present a method to encrypt dynamic controllers that can be implemented through most homomorphic encryption schemes, including somewhat, leveled fully, and fully homomorphic encryption. To this end, we represent the output…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Joowon Lee , Donggil Lee , Junsoo Kim , Hyungbo Shim

In this work, we propose an open-source, first-of-its-kind, arithmetic hardware library with a focus on accelerating the arithmetic operations involved in Ring Learning with Error (RLWE)-based somewhat homomorphic encryption (SHE). We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Rashmi Agrawal , Lake Bu , Alan Ehret , Michel A. Kinsy

Quantum fully homomorphic encryption (QFHE) promises secure delegated quantum computation but has been impeded by the prohibitive quantum resource demands of existing constructions. This paper introduces a unified framework that achieves an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Fengxia Liu , Zixian Gong , Kun Tian , Yi Zhang , Zhiming Zheng , Maozhi Xu

Post-quantum cryptography has gained attention due to the need for secure cryptographic systems in the face of quantum computing. Code-based and lattice-based cryptography are two prominent approaches, both heavily studied within the NIST…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Anna-Lena Horlemann , Karan Khathuria , Marc Newman , Amin Sakzad , Carlos Vela Cabello

As privacy concerns in AI technologies continue to grow, Homomorphic Encryption (HE) offers a way to perform computations on encrypted data without the need of decryption during operations. However, HE is limited to addition and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Dimitrios Sygletos , Dimitra Papatsaroucha , Marios Choudetsanakis , Ilias Politis , Evangelos K. Markakis

This article describes a post-quantum multirecipient symmetric cryptosystem whose security is based on the hardness of the LWE problem. In this scheme a single sender encrypts multiple messages for multiple recipients generating a single…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Saikat Gope , Srinivasan Krishnaswamy , Chayan Bhawal

AI-powered attacks on Learning with Errors (LWE), an important hard math problem in post-quantum cryptography, rival or outperform "classical" attacks on LWE under certain parameter settings. Despite the promise of this approach, a dearth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Eshika Saxena , Alberto Alfarano , François Charton , Emily Wenger , Kristin Lauter

The loop vertex expansion (LVE) is a constructive technique which uses only canonical combinatorial tools and no space-time dependent lattices. It works for quantum field theories without renormalization. Renormalization requires scale…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-12-30 Razvan Gurau , Vincent Rivasseau

This paper aims to provide an efficient implementation of encrypted linear dynamic controllers that perform recursive multiplications on a Ring-Learning With Errors (Ring-LWE) based cryptosystem. By adopting a system-theoretical approach,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-01 Donghyeon Song , Yeongjun Jang , Joowon Lee , Junsoo Kim