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Continual learning (CL) promises to allow neural networks to learn from continuous streams of inputs, instead of IID (independent and identically distributed) sampling, which requires random access to a full dataset. This would allow for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Shivani Mall , Joao F. Henriques

Humans excel at continually learning from an ever-changing environment whereas it remains a challenge for deep neural networks which exhibit catastrophic forgetting. The complementary learning system (CLS) theory suggests that the interplay…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Elahe Arani , Fahad Sarfraz , Bahram Zonooz

Hypernetworks mitigate forgetting in continual learning (CL) by generating task-dependent weights and penalizing weight changes at a meta-model level. Unfortunately, generating all weights is not only computationally expensive for larger…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Hamed Hemati , Vincenzo Lomonaco , Davide Bacciu , Damian Borth

Training deep neural networks at the edge on light computational devices, embedded systems and robotic platforms is nowadays very challenging. Continual learning techniques, where complex models are incrementally trained on small batches of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Lorenzo Pellegrini , Gabriele Graffieti , Vincenzo Lomonaco , Davide Maltoni

In general class-incremental learning, researchers typically use sample sets as a tool to avoid catastrophic forgetting during continuous learning. At the same time, researchers have also noted the differences between class-incremental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Weimin Yin , Bin Chen adn Chunzhao Xie , Zhenhao Tan

We introduce Flashback Learning (FL), a novel method designed to harmonize the stability and plasticity of models in Continual Learning (CL). Unlike prior approaches that primarily focus on regularizing model updates to preserve old…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Leila Mahmoodi , Peyman Moghadam , Munawar Hayat , Christian Simon , Mehrtash Harandi

Deep neural networks suffer from catastrophic forgetting, where performance on previous tasks degrades after training on a new task. This issue arises due to the model's tendency to overwrite previously acquired knowledge with new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Lama Alssum , Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Motasem Alfarra , Juan C Leon Alcazar , Bernard Ghanem

Continual learning -- the ability to acquire knowledge incrementally without forgetting previous skills -- is fundamental to natural intelligence. While the human brain excels at this, artificial neural networks struggle with "catastrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Aoi Otani

Most existing works on continual learning (CL) focus on overcoming the catastrophic forgetting (CF) problem, with dynamic models and replay methods performing exceptionally well. However, since current works tend to assume exclusivity or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Sijia Wang , Yoojin Choi , Junya Chen , Mostafa El-Khamy , Ricardo Henao

Continual learning (CL) can help pre-trained vision-language models efficiently adapt to new or under-trained data distributions without re-training. Nevertheless, during the continual training of the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Zangwei Zheng , Mingyuan Ma , Kai Wang , Ziheng Qin , Xiangyu Yue , Yang You

Data streams are rarely static in dynamic environments like Industry 4.0. Instead, they constantly change, making traditional offline models outdated unless they can quickly adjust to the new data. This need can be adequately addressed by…

Modern neural network based speech recognition models are required to continually absorb new data without re-training the whole system, especially in downstream applications using foundation models, having no access to the original training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Enes Yavuz Ugan , Ngoc-Quan Pham , Alexander Waibel

We propose and study a realistic Continual Learning (CL) setting where learning algorithms are granted a restricted computational budget per time step while training. We apply this setting to large-scale semi-supervised Continual Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Wenxuan Zhang , Youssef Mohamed , Bernard Ghanem , Philip H. S. Torr , Adel Bibi , Mohamed Elhoseiny

Continual learning (CL) aims to extend deep models from static and enclosed environments to dynamic and complex scenarios, enabling systems to continuously acquire new knowledge of novel categories without forgetting previously learned…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Sunyuan Qiang , Xuxin Lin , Yanyan Liang , Jun Wan , Du Zhang

Continual learning (CL) learns a sequence of tasks incrementally with the goal of achieving two main objectives: overcoming catastrophic forgetting (CF) and encouraging knowledge transfer (KT) across tasks. However, most existing techniques…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Zixuan Ke , Bing Liu , Nianzu Ma , Hu Xu , Lei Shu

Continual Learning (CL) methods aim to enable machine learning models to learn new tasks without catastrophic forgetting of those that have been previously mastered. Existing CL approaches often keep a buffer of previously-seen samples,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Dong Gong , Qingsen Yan , Yuhang Liu , Anton van den Hengel , Javen Qinfeng Shi

Catastrophic forgetting and capacity saturation are the central challenges of any parametric lifelong learning system. In this work, we study these challenges in the context of sequential supervised learning with an emphasis on recurrent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Shagun Sodhani , Sarath Chandar , Yoshua Bengio

Online continual learning (OCL) aims to enable model learning from a non-stationary data stream to continuously acquire new knowledge as well as retain the learnt one, under the constraints of having limited system size and computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Sheng-Feng Yu , Wei-Chen Chiu

Contrastive learning has significantly improved representation quality, enhancing knowledge transfer across tasks in continual learning (CL). However, catastrophic forgetting remains a key challenge, as contrastive based methods primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Trung-Anh Dang , Vincent Nguyen , Ngoc-Son Vu , Christel Vrain

In the past, continual learning (CL) was mostly concerned with the problem of catastrophic forgetting in neural networks, that arises when incrementally learning a sequence of tasks. Current CL methods function within the confines of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Shishir Muralidhara , Didier Stricker , René Schuster