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The shape and orientation of data clouds reflect variability in observations that can confound pattern recognition systems. Subspace methods, utilizing Grassmann manifolds, have been a great aid in dealing with such variability. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Xiaofeng Ma , Michael Kirby , Chris Peterson

A flag is a sequence of nested subspaces. Flags are ubiquitous in numerical analysis, arising in finite elements, multigrid, spectral, and pseudospectral methods for numerical PDE; they arise in the form of Krylov subspaces in matrix…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-08-08 Ke Ye , Ken Sze-Wai Wong , Lek-Heng Lim

Data-driven control methods based on subspace representations are powerful but are often limited to linear time-invariant systems where the model order is known. A key challenge is developing online data-driven control algorithms for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-13 Dian Jin , Jeremy Coulson

Although many machine learning algorithms involve learning subspaces with particular characteristics, optimizing a parameter matrix that is constrained to represent a subspace can be challenging. One solution is to use Riemannian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-10 Stephen Giguere , Francisco Garcia , Sridhar Mahadevan

We introduce a Bayesian model for inferring mixtures of subspaces of different dimensions. The key challenge in such a mixture model is specification of prior distributions over subspaces of different dimensions. We address this challenge…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-24 Brian St. Thomas , Lizhen Lin , Lek-Heng Lim , Sayan Mukherjee

Modern machine learning algorithms have been adopted in a range of signal-processing applications spanning computer vision, natural language processing, and artificial intelligence. Many relevant problems involve subspace-structured…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Jiayao Zhang , Guangxu Zhu , Robert W. Heath , Kaibin Huang

Standard deep neural networks (DNNs) are commonly trained in an end-to-end fashion for specific tasks such as object recognition, face identification, or character recognition, among many examples. This specificity often leads to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Raphaël Achddou , J. Matias di Martino , Guillermo Sapiro

In image set classification, a considerable advance has been made by modeling the original image sets by second order statistics or linear subspace, which typically lie on the Riemannian manifold. Specifically, they are Symmetric Positive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Rui Wang , Xiao-Jun Wu , Kai-Xuan Chen , Josef Kittler

Sparsity-based representations have recently led to notable results in various visual recognition tasks. In a separate line of research, Riemannian manifolds have been shown useful for dealing with features and models that do not lie in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-05-21 Mehrtash Harandi , Richard Hartley , Chunhua Shen , Brian Lovell , Conrad Sanderson

Flag manifolds encode nested sequences of subspaces and serve as powerful structures for various computer vision and machine learning applications. Despite their utility in tasks such as dimensionality reduction, motion averaging, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Nathan Mankovich , Ignacio Santamaria , Gustau Camps-Valls , Tolga Birdal

Tracking signals in dynamic environments presents difficulties in both analysis and implementation. In this work, we expand on a class of subspace tracking algorithms which utilize the Grassmann manifold -- the set of linear subspaces of a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Alex Saad-Falcon , Brighton Ancelin , Justin Romberg

Alignment, the tendency of adjacent weight matrices in deep networks to develop compatible subspace orientations, underlies gradient flow, Neural Collapse, and representation similarity across architectures. Despite extensive empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jingchuan Xiao , Xinyi Sui , Cihan Ruan

Many successful learning algorithms have been recently developed to represent graph-structured data. For example, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved considerable successes in various tasks such as node classification, graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Razieh Ghiasi , Hossein Amirkhani , Alireza Bosaghzadeh

In the recent past, nested structures in Riemannian manifolds has been studied in the context of dimensionality reduction as an alternative to the popular principal geodesic analysis (PGA) technique, for example, the principal nested…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Chun-Hao Yang , Baba C. Vemuri

Finding prototypes (e.g., mean and median) for a dataset is central to a number of common machine learning algorithms. Subspaces have been shown to provide useful, robust representations for datasets of images, videos and more. Since…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-10 Nathan Mankovich , Emily King , Chris Peterson , Michael Kirby

It is often possible to perform reduced order modelling by specifying linear subspace which accurately captures the dynamics of the system. This approach becomes especially appealing when linear subspace explicitly depends on parameters of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Vladimir Fanaskov , Vladislav Trifonov , Alexander Rudikov , Ekaterina Muravleva , Ivan Oseledets

Learning efficient graph representation is the key to favorably addressing downstream tasks on graphs, such as node or graph property prediction. Given the non-Euclidean structural property of graphs, preserving the original graph data's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Bingxin Zhou , Xuebin Zheng , Yu Guang Wang , Ming Li , Junbin Gao

We study the geometry of flag manifolds under different embeddings into a product of Grassmannians. We show that differential geometric objects and operations -- tangent vector, metric, normal vector, exponential map, geodesic, parallel…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-02 Zehua Lai , Lek-Heng Lim , Ke Ye

Grassmannian manifold offers a powerful carrier for geometric representation learning by modelling high-dimensional data as low-dimensional subspaces. However, existing approaches predominantly rely on static single-subspace…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Xuan Yu , Tianyang Xu

In this paper, we propose a novel subspace learning framework for one-class classification. The proposed framework presents the problem in the form of graph embedding. It includes the previously proposed subspace one-class techniques as its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Fahad Sohrab , Alexandros Iosifidis , Moncef Gabbouj , Jenni Raitoharju
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