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A key concept in quantum thermodynamics is extractable work, which specifies the maximum amount of work that can be extracted from a quantum system. Different quantities are used to measure extractable work, the most prevalent of which are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-17 Amin Mohammadi , Afshin Shafiee

Work extraction is a fundamental aspect in thermodynamics. In the context of quantum physics, ergotropy quantifies the maximum amount of work that can be obtained from quantum system through cyclic unitary process. In this work, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-17 Maryam Hadipour , Soroush Haseli

Quantum batteries have attracted significant attention as efficient quantum energy storage devices.In this work, we propose a nonlinear two-photon driving quantum battery model featuring nonreciprocal dynamics that enables a highly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Luxin Xu , Changliang Ren

We investigate the charging dynamics of a frequency-modulated quantum battery (QB) placed within a dissipative cavity environment. Our study focuses on the interaction of such a battery under both weak and strong coupling regimes, employing…

A suitable way of quantifying work for microscopic quantum systems has been constantly debated in the field of quantum thermodynamics. One natural approach is to measure the average increase in energy of an ancillary system, called the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-16 Nelly Huei Ying Ng , Mischa Woods , Stephanie Wehner

We studied the dynamics of entropic uncertainty in Markovian and non-Markovian systems during the charging of open quantum batteries (QBs) mediated by a common dissipation environment. In the non-Markovian regime, the battery is almost…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-07 Meng-Long Song , Li-Juan Li , Xue-Ke Song , Liu Ye , Dong Wang

We show that frequent nondemolition measurements of a quantum system immersed in a thermal bath allow the extraction of work in a closed cycle from the system-bath interaction (correlation) energy, a hitherto unexploited work resource. It…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-19 David Gelbwaser-Klimovsky , Noam Erez , Robert Alicki , Gershon Kurizki

The concept of thermal machines has evolved from the canonical steam engine to the recently proposed nanoscopic quantum systems as working fluids. The latter obey quantum open system dynamics and frequently operate in non-equilibrium…

In this work, we investigate autonomous charging of a quantum battery coupled to a structured reservoir composed of two qubits, each locally coupled to its own bosonic thermal bath. Moreover, the reservoir interacts with a charger-battery…

We propose an innovative design for quantum batteries (QBs) that involves coupling two-level systems to a topological photonic waveguide. Employing the resolvent method, we analytically explore the thermodynamic performance of QBs. First,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-26 Zhi-Guang Lu , Guoqing Tian , Xin-You Lü , Cheng Shang

Work extraction protocol is always a significant issue in the context of quantum batteries, in which the notion of ergotropy is used to quantify a particular amount of energy that can be extracted through unitary processes. Given the total…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-04 F. H. Kamin , S. Salimi , Alan C. Santos

Non-equilibrium effects may have a profound impact on the performance of thermal devices performing thermodynamic tasks such as refrigeration or heat pumping. The possibility of enhancing the performance of thermodynamic operations by means…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-26 Kenza Hammam , Gonzalo Manzano , Gabriele De Chiara

Ergotropy provides a fundamental measure of the extractable work from a quantum system and, consequently, of the maximal useful energy, or charge, stored within it. Understanding how this quantity can be manipulated and transformed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 André H. A. Malavazi , Borhan Ahmadi , Paweł Horodecki , Pedro R. Dieguez

In realistic open-system environments, decoherence and dissipation naturally drive quantum batteries toward passive states, thereby limiting their maximum extractable work (ergotropy). While quantum catalysis has been proposed to mitigate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Shun-Cai Zhao

Various engine types are thermodynamically equivalent in the quantum limit of small 'engine action'. Our previous derivation of the equivalence is restricted to Markovian heat baths and to implicit classical work repository (e.g., laser…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-04 Raam Uzdin , Amikam Levy , Ronnie Kosloff

Within quantum thermodynamics, many tasks are modelled by processes that require work sources represented by out-of-equilibrium quantum systems, often dubbed quantum batteries, in which work can be deposited or from which work can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-26 Pharnam Bakhshinezhad , Beniamin R. Jablonski , Felix C. Binder , Nicolai Friis

We demonstrate the possibility of a genuine quantum advantage in the efficiency of quantum batteries by analyzing a model that enables a consistent comparison between quantum and classical regimes. Our system consists of $N$ harmonic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-29 F. Cavaliere , D. Ferraro , M. Carrega , G. Benenti , M. Sassetti

We investigate work extraction protocols designed to transfer the maximum possible energy to a battery using sequential access to $N$ copies of an unknown pure qubit state. The core challenge is designing interactions to optimally balance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-15 Josep Lumbreras , Ruo Cheng Huang , Yanglin Hu , Mile Gu , Marco Tomamichel

Ergotropy serves as a key indicator for assessing the performance of quantum batteries(QBs). Using the Redfield master equation, we investigate ergotropy dynamics in a non-Markovian QB composed of an N-spin chain embedded in a microcavity.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-26 Shun-Cai Zhao , Zi-Ran Zhao , Ni-Ya Zhuang

We propose a physical scheme of a uniformly accelerated Unruh-DeWitt battery and utilize quantum work extraction as a probe to witness the thermal nature of the Unruh effect induced by the accelerated motion. By employing the open quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-10 Wei-Wei Zhang , Tian-Xi Ren , Yin-Zhong Wu , Xiang Hao