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In order to investigate the importance of pre-equilibrium dynamics on relativistic heavy-ion collision observables, we match a highly non-equilibrium early evolution stage, modeled by free-streaming partons generated from the Monte Carlo…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-04-10 Jia Liu , Chun Shen , Ulrich W. Heinz

I review recent developments in the field of relativistic hydrodynamics and its application to the bulk dynamics in heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy- Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In particular, I…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-05-28 Bjoern Schenke

The integrated HydroKinetic Model (iHKM) is applied to analyse the results of direct photon spectra as well as elliptic and triangular flow measurements in 200A GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC for different centrality bins. Experiments detect…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-06-30 V. Yu. Naboka , Yu. M. Sinyukov , G. M. Zinovjev

Within the framework of the Langevin equation, we study the energy loss of heavy quark due to quasi-elastic multiple scatterings in a quark-gluon plasma created by relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We investigate how the initial…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-03-20 Shanshan Cao , Guang-You Qin , Steffen A. Bass

Charge dependent directed flow is an important observable of electromagnetic fields in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We demonstrate how the difference in charge dependent directed flows between protons and antiprotons is sensitive to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-08-25 Nicholas J. Benoit , Takahiro Miyoshi , Chiho Nonaka , Hiroyuki R. Takahashi

The integrated HydroKinetic Model (iHKM) is applied to analyse the results of direct photon spectra and elliptic flow measurements in 200A GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC for the three centrality bins. We detect the strong centrality…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-12-10 V. Yu. Naboka , Yu. M. Sinyukov , G. M. Zinovjev

The small-$x$ evolution of protons is determined from numerical solutions of the JIMWLK equations, starting from an initial condition at moderate $x$ for a finite size proton. The resulting dipole amplitude is used to calculate the total…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-08-22 Heikki Mäntysaari , Björn Schenke

In the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) effective field theory, colliding sheets of Colored Glass form a strongly interacting, non-equilibrium state called the Glasma. How Colored Glass shatters to form the Glasma, the properties of the Glasma,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Francois Gelis , Raju Venugopalan

Jet quenching provides a valuable measure of the opacity of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. However, substantial suppression of charged hadron spectra is observed in highly peripheral collisions,…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-04-22 Changle Sun , Yichao Dang , Shanshan Cao

Due to gluon saturation, the growth of the inelastic nucleon-nucleon cross section with increasing collision energy sqrt(s) results in a broadening of the nucleon's density distribution in position space. This leads to a natural smoothing…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2012-10-08 Ulrich W. Heinz , J. Scott Moreland

Heavy quarks offer an invaluable hard probe of the droplets of quark gluon plasma (QGP) formed in heavy ion collisions at the LHC and RHIC. Given their large mass, they are predominantly produced in hard scattering processes at the earliest…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-15 Andrea Beraudo , Jean F. Du Plessis , Daniel Pablos , Krishna Rajagopal

We show how the limiting fragmentation phenomenon can arise from the Color Glass Condensate model of high energy QCD. We consider the very forward rapidity region in relativistic heavy ion collisions and argue that in this region,…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2010-11-30 Jamal Jalilian-Marian

NLO evolution of the Jalilian-Marian-Iancu-McLerran-Weigert-Leonidov-Kovner (JIMWLK) equation with massless quarks was derived a few years ago. We make a step further to compute the evolution kernels focusing on the effects due to finite…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-08-10 Lin Dai , Michael Lublinsky

We apply a 3+1D viscous hydrodynamic + cascade model to the heavy ion collision reactions with $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=6.3\dots39$ GeV. To accommodate the model for a given collision energy range, the initial conditions for hydrodynamic phase are…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-09-08 Iu. Karpenko , M. Bleicher , P. Huovinen , H. Petersen

Using the general framework of quantum field kinetics we consider new principles to compute initial distribution of quarks and gluons after the first hard interaction of heavy ions. We start by rewriting the integral equations of QCD in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-03-25 A. Makhlin

We present a pedagogical introduction to the theoretical framework of the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) and the McLerran-Venugopalan (MV) model. We discuss the application of the MV model to describe the early-time dynamics of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-12-22 Kenji Fukushima

Relativistic nuclear collisions offer a unique way to study strong interactions at very high energy. The collision process can be described within the gluon saturation framework as the interaction of two colored glasses, and because of this…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-12-05 Marco Ruggieri , Santosh Kumar Das

The transport properties of quark-gluon plasma created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions are quantified by an improved global Bayesian analysis using the CERN Large Hadron Collider Pb--Pb data at $\sqrt{s_{\textbf{NN}}}=2.76\;$ and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-10-12 J. E. Parkkila , A. Onnerstad , F. Taghavi , C. Mordasini , A. Bilandzic , D. J. Kim

The dynamics of gluons and quarks in a relativistic nuclear collision are described, within the framework of a classical mean-field transport theory, by the coupled equations for the Yang-Mills field and a collection of colored point…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 W. Poeschl , B. Mueller

We investigate the implications of a nonzero bulk viscosity coefficient on the azimuthal momentum anisotropy of ultracentral relativistic heavy ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. We find that, with IP-Glasma initial conditions, a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-22 J. -B. Rose , J. -F. Paquet , G. S. Denicol , M. Luzum , B. Schenke , S. Jeon , C. Gale
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