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This paper develops, implements, and validates a powerful single-antenna carrier-phase-based test to detect Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) spoofing attacks on ground vehicles equipped with a low-cost inertial measurement unit…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-02 Zachary Clements , James E. Yoder , Todd E. Humphreys

The limited or no protection for civilian Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals makes spoofing attacks relatively easy. With modern mobile devices often featuring network interfaces, state-of-the-art signals of opportunity (SOP)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Wenjie Liu , Panos Papadimitratos

Inertial navigation systems (INS) are widely used in almost any operational environment, including aviation, marine, and land vehicles. Inertial measurements from accelerometers and gyroscopes allow the INS to estimate position, velocity,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Daniel Engelsman , Yair Stolero , Itzik Klein

In this paper, we validate the performance of the a sensor fusion-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) spoofing attack detection framework for Autonomous Vehicles (AVs). To collect data, a vehicle equipped with a GNSS receiver,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Sagar Dasgupta , Kazi Hassan Shakib , Mizanur Rahman

The increasing reliance on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), particularly the Global Positioning System (GPS), underscores the urgent need to safeguard these technologies against malicious threats such as spoofing and jamming. As…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Ali Ghanbarzade , Hossein Soleimani

Location information is critical to a wide-variety of navigation and tracking applications. Today, GPS is the de-facto outdoor localization system but has been shown to be vulnerable to signal spoofing attacks. Inertial Navigation Systems…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-13 Sashank Narain , Aanjhan Ranganathan , Guevara Noubir

A vehicular pose estimation technique is presented that tightly couples multi-antenna carrier-phase differential GNSS (CDGNSS) with a low-cost MEMS inertial sensor and vehicle dynamics constraints. This work is the first to explore the use…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-31 James E. Yoder , Todd E. Humphreys

Modern positioning relies on radio signals from global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). Their low receive power renders these radio signals susceptible to jamming attacks, in which malicious transmitters emit strong interference to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-25 Jonas Elmiger , Gian Marti , Christoph Studer

We propose a simple low-cost technique that enables civil Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers and other civil global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers to reliably detect carry-off spoofing and jamming. The technique, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-30 Kyle D. Wesson , Jason N. Gross , Todd E. Humphreys , Brian L. Evans

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is increasingly vulnerable to radio frequency interference (RFI), including jamming and spoofing, which threaten the integrity of navigation and timing services. This paper presents a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-18 Argyris Kriezis , Yu-Hsuan Chen , Dennis Akos , Sherman Lo , Todd Walter

A great surge in the development of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) excavates the potential for prosperity in many state-of-the-art technologies, e.g., autonomous ground vehicle navigation. Nevertheless, the GNSS is vulnerable to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-13 Yiran Luo , You Li , Jin Wang , Naser El-Sheimy

Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) are algorithms that fuse inertial measurements of angular velocity and specific acceleration with supplementary sensors including GNSS and magnetometers to estimate the position, velocity and attitude, or…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-23 Pieter van Goor , Tarek Hamel , Robert Mahony

An Inertial Navigation System (INS) is a system that integrates acceleration and angular velocity readings from an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), along with other sensors such as Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) position, GNSS…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-21 Pieter van Goor , Tarek Hamel , Robert Mahony

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are fundamental in ubiquitously providing position and time to a wide gamut of systems. Jamming remains a realistic threat in many deployment settings, civilian and tactical. Specifically, in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-27 Marco Spanghero , Filip Geib , Ronny Panier , Panos Papadimitratos

The rapid development of technology has led to an increase in the number of devices that rely on position, velocity, and time (PVT) information to perform their functions. As such, the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have been…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Leatile Marata , Juhani Sankari , Eslam Eldeeb , Mikko Valkama , Elena Simona Lohan

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) aided Inertial Navigation System (INS) is a fundamental approach for attaining continuously available absolute vehicle position and full state estimates at high bandwidth. For transportation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Wang Hu , Yingjie Hu , Mike Stas , Jay A. Farrell

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) spoofing and jamming threaten maritime navigation by corrupting positions from Automatic Identification System (AIS) transponders. Crucially, raw AIS messages contain communication-layer defects…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Sanghyeon Park , DeukJae Cho , Pyo-Woong Son

Jamming devices disrupt signals from the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and pose a significant threat by compromising the reliability of accurate positioning. Consequently, the detection and localization of these interference…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-08 Lucas Heublein , Thorsten Nowak , Tobias Feigl , Jaspar Pahl , Felix Ott

Robust multisensor fusion of multi-modal measurements such as IMUs, wheel encoders, cameras, LiDARs, and GPS holds great potential due to its innate ability to improve resilience to sensor failures and measurement outliers, thereby enabling…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Woosik Lee , Patrick Geneva , Chuchu Chen , Guoquan Huang

An inertial navigation system (INS) utilizes three orthogonal accelerometers and gyroscopes to determine platform position, velocity, and orientation. There are countless applications for INS, including robotics, autonomous platforms, and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-26 Zeev Yampolsky , Yair Stolero , Nitzan Pri-Hadash , Dan Solodar , Shira Massas , Itai Savin , Itzik Klein
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