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Related papers: Context-Preserving Gradient Modulation for Large L…

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We formalize a new concept for LLMs, context-enhanced learning. It involves standard gradient-based learning on text except that the context is enhanced with additional data on which no auto-regressive gradients are computed. This setting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Xingyu Zhu , Abhishek Panigrahi , Sanjeev Arora

In-context learning has recently been linked to implicit gradient descent in linear self-attention models, suggesting that context can induce a forward-pass update. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) also relies on context, but retrieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Mingchen Li , Jiatan Huang , Chuxu Zhang , Liang Zhao , Hong Yu

Identifying metaphors in text is very challenging and requires comprehending the underlying comparison. The automation of this cognitive process has gained wide attention lately. However, the majority of existing approaches concentrate on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Omnia Zayed , John P. McCrae , Paul Buitelaar

Existing large language models (LLMs) can only afford fix-sized inputs due to the input length limit, preventing them from utilizing rich long-context information from past inputs. To address this, we propose a framework, Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Weizhi Wang , Li Dong , Hao Cheng , Xiaodong Liu , Xifeng Yan , Jianfeng Gao , Furu Wei

Large language models (LLMs) have recently garnered significant interest. With in-context learning, LLMs achieve impressive results in various natural language tasks. However, the application of LLMs to sentence embeddings remains an area…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Ting Jiang , Shaohan Huang , Zhongzhi Luan , Deqing Wang , Fuzhen Zhuang

The organization of latent token representations plays a crucial role in determining the stability, generalization, and contextual consistency of language models, yet conventional approaches to embedding refinement often rely on parameter…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Meiquan Dong , Haoran Liu , Yan Huang , Zixuan Feng , Jianhong Tang , Ruoxi Wang

Advancements in prompt tuning of vision-language models have underscored their potential in enhancing open-world visual concept comprehension. However, prior works only primarily focus on single-mode (only one prompt for each modality) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Dongsheng Wang , Miaoge Li , Xinyang Liu , MingSheng Xu , Bo Chen , Hanwang Zhang

Large language models encode impressively broad world knowledge in their parameters. However, the knowledge in static language models falls out of date, limiting the model's effective "shelf life." While online fine-tuning can reduce this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Nathan Hu , Eric Mitchell , Christopher D. Manning , Chelsea Finn

Deep-learning models for language generation tasks tend to produce repetitive output. Various methods have been proposed to encourage lexical diversity during decoding, but this often comes at a cost to the perceived fluency and adequacy of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Giulio Zhou , Gerasimos Lampouras

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities across various tasks, but their deployment in high-stake domains requires consistent and coherent behavior across multiple rounds of user interaction. This paper introduces a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yubo Li , Yidi Miao , Xueying Ding , Ramayya Krishnan , Rema Padman

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities across various tasks. However, even minor variations in query phrasing, despite preserving the underlying semantic meaning, can significantly affect their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Yihang Yao , Zhepeng Cen , Miao Li , William Han , Yuyou Zhang , Emerson Liu , Zuxin Liu , Chuang Gan , Ding Zhao

In the growing domain of scientific machine learning, in-context operator learning has shown notable potential in building foundation models, as in this framework the model is trained to learn operators and solve differential equations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Liu Yang , Siting Liu , Stanley J. Osher

Recent conditional language models are able to continue any kind of text source in an often seemingly fluent way. This fact encouraged research in the area of open-domain conversational systems that are based on powerful language models and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Fabian Galetzka , Anne Beyer , David Schlangen

Large language models (LMs) are typically adapted to improve performance on new contexts (\eg text prompts that define new tasks or domains) through fine-tuning or prompting. However, there is an accuracy compute tradeoff -- fine-tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Tong Chen , Hao Fang , Patrick Xia , Xiaodong Liu , Benjamin Van Durme , Luke Zettlemoyer , Jianfeng Gao , Hao Cheng

Token representation strategies within large-scale neural architectures often rely on contextually refined embeddings, yet conventional approaches seldom encode structured relationships explicitly within token interactions. Self-attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-27 James Blades , Frederick Somerfield , William Langley , Susan Everingham , Maurice Witherington

Long-context modeling is one of the critical capabilities of language AI for digesting and reasoning over complex information pieces. In practice, long-context capabilities are typically built into a pre-trained language model~(LM) through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Luyu Gao , Yunyi Zhang , Jamie Callan

The strength of modern generative models lies in their ability to be controlled through text-based prompts. Typical "hard" prompts are made from interpretable words and tokens, and must be hand-crafted by humans. There are also "soft"…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Yuxin Wen , Neel Jain , John Kirchenbauer , Micah Goldblum , Jonas Geiping , Tom Goldstein

Current long-context benchmarks primarily focus on retrieval-based tests, requiring Large Language Models (LLMs) to locate specific information within extensive input contexts, such as the needle-in-a-haystack (NIAH) benchmark. Long-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Xiang Liu , Peijie Dong , Xuming Hu , Xiaowen Chu

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a crucial technique for enhancing the accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external information. With the advent of LLMs that support increasingly longer context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Quinn Leng , Jacob Portes , Sam Havens , Matei Zaharia , Michael Carbin

Symbolic perturbations offer a novel approach for influencing neural representations without requiring direct modification of model parameters. The recursive regeneration of symbolic structures introduces structured variations in latent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Kathlyn Eaglewood , Tobias Featherington , Dorian Mayfair , Sylvester Grimshaw , James Pettigrew