English
Related papers

Related papers: Towards Large-Scale In-Context Reinforcement Learn…

200 papers

We study the problem of inverse reinforcement learning (IRL), where the learning agent recovers a reward function using expert demonstrations. Most of the existing IRL techniques make the often unrealistic assumption that the agent has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Franck Djeumou , Murat Cubuktepe , Craig Lennon , Ufuk Topcu

Multi-task Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) is the problem of inferring multiple reward functions from expert demonstrations. Prior work, built on Bayesian IRL, is unable to scale to complex environments due to computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-17 Adam Gleave , Oliver Habryka

We consider the recently proposed reinforcement learning (RL) framework of Contextual Markov Decision Processes (CMDP), where the agent interacts with a (potentially adversarial) sequence of episodic tabular MDPs. In addition, a context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Aditya Modi , Ambuj Tewari

An inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) agent learns to act intelligently by observing expert demonstrations and learning the expert's underlying reward function. Although learning the reward functions from demonstrations has achieved great…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Wei Gao , David Hsu , Wee Sun Lee

The emergence of agentic reinforcement learning (Agentic RL) marks a paradigm shift from conventional reinforcement learning applied to large language models (LLM RL), reframing LLMs from passive sequence generators into autonomous,…

Contextual Markov Decision Processes (CMDPs) offer a framework for sequential decision-making under external signals, but existing methods often fail to generalize in high-dimensional or unstructured contexts, resulting in excessive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Peidong Liu , Junjiang Lin , Shaowen Wang , Yao Xu , Haiqing Li , Xuhao Xie , Siyi Wu , Hao Li

In constrained reinforcement learning (RL), a learning agent seeks to not only optimize the overall reward but also satisfy the additional safety, diversity, or budget constraints. Consequently, existing constrained RL solutions require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Sobhan Miryoosefi , Chi Jin

Typically, a modern reinforcement learning (RL) agent solves a task by updating its neural network parameters to adapt its policy to the task. Recently, it has been observed that some RL agents can solve a wide range of new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Jiuqi Wang , Rohan Chandra , Shangtong Zhang

In this paper, we study Interaction-Grounded Learning (IGL) [Xie et al., 2021], a paradigm designed for realistic scenarios where the learner receives indirect feedback generated by an unknown mechanism, rather than explicit numerical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Mengxiao Zhang , Yuheng Zhang , Haipeng Luo , Paul Mineiro

In-context learning (ICL) is the ability of a model to learn a new task by observing a few exemplars in its context. While prevalent in NLP, this capability has recently also been observed in Reinforcement Learning (RL) settings. Prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Thomas Schmied , Fabian Paischer , Vihang Patil , Markus Hofmarcher , Razvan Pascanu , Sepp Hochreiter

Many real-life scenarios require humans to make difficult trade-offs: do we always follow all the traffic rules or do we violate the speed limit in an emergency? These scenarios force us to evaluate the trade-off between collective rules…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Arie Glazier , Andrea Loreggia , Nicholas Mattei , Taher Rahgooy , Francesca Rossi , Brent Venable

Learning from multiple-relational data which contains noise, ambiguities, or duplicate entities is essential to a wide range of applications such as statistical inference based on Web Linked Data, recommender systems, computational biology,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-04-05 Lucas Drumond , Ernesto Diaz-Aviles , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

Model-based Reinforcement Learning (MBRL) allows data-efficient learning which is required in real world applications such as robotics. However, despite the impressive data-efficiency, MBRL does not achieve the final performance of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-19 Zhang-Wei Hong , Joni Pajarinen , Jan Peters

While Reinforcement Learning ( RL) has made great strides towards solving increasingly complicated problems, many algorithms are still brittle to even slight environmental changes. Contextual Reinforcement Learning (cRL) provides a…

While Reinforcement Learning (RL) achieves tremendous success in sequential decision-making problems of many domains, it still faces key challenges of data inefficiency and the lack of interpretability. Interestingly, many researchers have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Yan Zeng , Ruichu Cai , Fuchun Sun , Libo Huang , Zhifeng Hao

Recent progress in in-context reinforcement learning (ICRL) has demonstrated its potential for training generalist agents that can acquire new tasks directly at inference. Algorithm Distillation (AD) pioneered this paradigm and was…

Optimizing objective functions subject to constraints is fundamental in many real-world applications. However, these constraints are often not readily defined and must be inferred from expert agent behaviors, a problem known as Inverse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Bo Yue , Jian Li , Guiliang Liu

In-context learning (ICL) refers to a remarkable capability of pretrained large language models, which can learn a new task given a few examples during inference. However, theoretical understanding of ICL is largely under-explored,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Tong Yang , Yu Huang , Yingbin Liang , Yuejie Chi

Large language models (LLMs) excel at few-shot in-context learning (ICL) -- learning from a few examples provided in context at inference, without any weight updates. Newly expanded context windows allow us to investigate ICL with hundreds…

Sampling-based model predictive control (MPC) has found significant success in optimal control problems with non-smooth system dynamics and cost function. Many machine learning-based works proposed to improve MPC by a) learning or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Sungwook Yang , Chaoying Pei , Ran Dai , Chuangchuang Sun