English
Related papers

Related papers: OCR Error Post-Correction with LLMs in Historical …

200 papers

Optical character recognition (OCR) and multilingual text understanding remain major failure modes of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), particularly in real-world images containing cluttered layouts, small fonts, blur, occlusion,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Qinwu Xu , Yifan Jiang , Haoyu Ren

We propose a post-OCR text correction approach for digitising texts in Romanised Sanskrit. Owing to the lack of resources our approach uses OCR models trained for other languages written in Roman. Currently, there exists no dataset…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Amrith Krishna , Bodhisattwa Prasad Majumder , Rajesh Shreedhar Bhat , Pawan Goyal

Some historical and more recent printed documents have been scanned or stored at very low resolutions, such as 60 dpi. Though such scans are relatively easy for humans to read, they still present significant challenges for optical character…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Julian D. Gilbey , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

The study investigates the potential of post-OCR models to overcome limitations in OCR models and explores the impact of incorporating glyph embedding on post-OCR correction performance. In this study, we have developed our own post-OCR…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Yung-Hsin Chen , Yuli Zhou

Recent work has shown that Vision-Language Models (VLMs) used for optical character recognition (OCR) can generate plausible but visually unsupported text, suggesting reliance on language priors. Comparing open-weight VLMs with traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Antonia Karamolegkou , Nicolas Angleraud , Benoît Sagot , Thibault Clérice

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have seen rapid advances in recent years and are now being applied to visual document understanding tasks. They are expected to process a wide range of document images across languages, including…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Keito Sasagawa , Shuhei Kurita , Daisuke Kawahara

Autonomous LLM agents increasingly operate in long-horizon, interactive settings where success depends on reusing experience accumulated over extended histories. However, existing agent memory systems are fundamentally constrained by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Jinze Li , Yang Zhang , Xin Yang , Jiayi Qu , Jinfeng Xu , Shuo Yang , Junhua Ding , Edith Cheuk-Han Ngai

Academic documents are packed with texts, equations, tables, and figures, requiring comprehensive understanding for accurate Optical Character Recognition (OCR). While end-to-end OCR methods offer improved accuracy over layout-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yu Sun , Dongzhan Zhou , Chen Lin , Conghui He , Wanli Ouyang , Han-Sen Zhong

Linked Data is used in various fields as a new way of structuring and connecting data. Cultural heritage institutions have been using linked data to improve archival descriptions and facilitate the discovery of information. Most archival…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Mariana Dias , Carla Teixeira Lopes

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable performance in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, such as sentiment analysis, content generation, and personalized recommendations. Despite their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Mahaman Sanoussi Yahaya Alassan , Jessica López Espejel , Merieme Bouhandi , Walid Dahhane , El Hassane Ettifouri

This study investigates the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly GPT-4o, for Optical Character Recognition (OCR) in low-resource scripts such as Urdu, Albanian, and Tajik, with English serving as a benchmark. Using a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Muhammad Abdullah Sohail , Salaar Masood , Hamza Iqbal

This paper introduces PreP-OCR, a two-stage pipeline that combines document image restoration with semantic-aware post-OCR correction to enhance both visual clarity and textual consistency, thereby improving text extraction from degraded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Shuhao Guan , Moule Lin , Cheng Xu , Xinyi Liu , Jinman Zhao , Jiexin Fan , Qi Xu , Derek Greene

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) on historical printings is a challenging task mainly due to the complexity of the layout and the highly variant typography. Nevertheless, in the last few years great progress has been made in the area of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Christian Reul , Dennis Christ , Alexander Hartelt , Nico Balbach , Maximilian Wehner , Uwe Springmann , Christoph Wick , Christine Grundig , Andreas Büttner , Frank Puppe

As Machine Learning (ML) models grow in size and demand higher-quality training data, the expenses associated with re-training and fine-tuning these models are escalating rapidly. Inspired by recent impressive achievements of Large Language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Zhiqiang Zhong , Kuangyu Zhou , Davide Mottin

Optical character recognition (OCR) is a fundamental problem in computer vision. Research studies have shown significant progress in classifying printed characters using deep learning-based methods and topologies. Among current algorithms,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Saman Sarraf

We demonstrate that state-of-the-art optical character recognition (OCR) based on deep learning is vulnerable to adversarial images. Minor modifications to images of printed text, which do not change the meaning of the text to a human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-16 Congzheng Song , Vitaly Shmatikov

Language Models (LMs) such as BERT, have been shown to perform well on the task of identifying Named Entities (NE) in text. A BERT LM is typically used as a classifier to classify individual tokens in the input text, or to classify spans of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Edward Whittaker , Ikuo Kitagishi

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly improved the field of Document AI, demonstrating remarkable performance on document understanding tasks such as question answering. However, existing approaches primarily…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Gyuho Shim , Seongtae Hong , Heuiseok Lim

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown strong performance in document image tasks, especially Optical Character Recognition (OCR). However, they struggle with Document Image Machine Translation (DIMT), which requires handling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Yupu Liang , Yaping Zhang , Zhiyang Zhang , Zhiyuan Chen , Yang Zhao , Lu Xiang , Chengqing Zong , Yu Zhou

This paper discusses how to successfully digitize large-scale historical micro-data by augmenting optical character recognition (OCR) engines with pre- and post-processing methods. Although OCR software has improved dramatically in recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Sergio Correia , Stephan Luck