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Accurate soil moisture (SM) estimation is critical for precision agriculture, water resources management and climate monitoring. Yet, existing satellite SM products are too coarse (>1km) for farm-level applications. We present a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Ioannis Kontogiorgakis , Athanasios Askitopoulos , Iason Tsardanidis , Dimitrios Bormpoudakis , Ilias Tsoumas , Fotios Balampanis , Charalampos Kontoes

In this paper, we construct a hierarchical model for spatial compositional data, which is used to reconstruct past land-cover compositions (in terms of coniferous forest, broadleaved forest, and unforested/open land) for five time periods…

Applications · Statistics 2018-04-03 Behnaz Pirzamanbein , Johan Lindström , Anneli Poska , Marie-José Gaillard

Monitoring the dynamics of global land-ocean cover is fundamental for regulating the Earth's climate and sustaining terrestrial and marine ecosystems. However, existing datasets and research often exhibit limitations in temporal resolution…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Lixing Wang , Tao Li , Xinyu Dou , Zhu Liu

Legged robots are increasingly being adopted in industries such as oil, gas, mining, nuclear, and agriculture. However, new challenges exist when moving into natural, less-structured environments, such as forestry applications. This paper…

Point clouds from Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) are an increasingly popular source of data for studying plant structure and function but typically require extensive manual processing to extract ecologically important information. One key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Harry J. F. Owen , Matthew J. A. Allen , Stuart W. D. Grieve , Phill Wilkes , Emily R. Lines

We present and evaluate a weakly-supervised methodology to quantify the spatio-temporal distribution of urban forests based on remotely sensed data with close-to-zero human interaction. Successfully training machine learning models for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Conrad M Albrecht , Chenying Liu , Yi Wang , Levente Klein , Xiao Xiang Zhu

Having good knowledge of terrain information is essential for improving the performance of various downstream tasks on complex terrains, especially for the locomotion and navigation of legged robots. We present a novel framework for neural…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Bowen Yang , Qingwen Zhang , Ruoyu Geng , Lujia Wang , Ming Liu

Effective management of agricultural landscapes is critical for meeting global biodiversity targets, but efforts are hampered by the absence of detailed, large-scale ecological maps. To address this, we introduce Farmscapes, the first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Michelangelo Conserva , Alex Wilson , Charlotte Stanton , Vishal Batchu , Varun Gulshan

Global 21cm cosmology aims to investigate the cosmic dawn and epoch of reionisation by measuring the sky averaged HI absorption signal, which requires, accurate modelling of, or correction for, the bright radio foregrounds and distortions…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-18 Dominic Anstey , Eloy de Lera Acedo , Will Handley

Contour trees describe the topology of level sets in scalar fields and are widely used in topological data analysis and visualization. A main challenge of utilizing contour trees for large-scale scientific data is their computation at scale…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Mingzhe Li , Hamish Carr , Oliver Rübel , Bei Wang , Gunther H. Weber

In this study, 0.5m high resolution satellite datasets over Indian urban region was used to demonstrate the applicability of deep learning models over Ahmedabad, India. Here, YOLOv7 instance segmentation model was trained on well curated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Jai G Singla , Gautam Jaiswal

According to the Paris Climate Change Agreement, all nations are required to submit reports on their greenhouse gas emissions and absorption every two years by 2024. Consequently, forests play a crucial role in reducing carbon emissions,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Nelson Mattié , Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa , Pablo Crespo-Peremarch , Juan-Ygnacio López-Hernández

We introduce top trees as a design of a new simpler interface for data structures maintaining information in a fully-dynamic forest. We demonstrate how easy and versatile they are to use on a host of different applications. For example, we…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Stephen Alstrup , Jacob Holm , Kristian de Lichtenberg , Mikkel Thorup

Measuring tree morphology for phenotyping is an essential but labor-intensive activity in horticulture. Researchers often rely on manual measurements which may not be accurate for example when measuring tree volume. Recent approaches on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Wenbo Dong , Volkan Isler

Mapping standing dead trees is crucial for acquiring information on the effects of climate change on forests and forest biodiversity. However, leveraging high-quality aerial imagery for dead tree segmentation poses challenges due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Mete Ahishali , Anis Ur Rahman , Einari Heinaro , Aysen Degerli , Samuli Junttila

We propose a tree-level biomass estimation model approximating allometric equations by LiDAR data. Since tree crown diameters estimation is challenging from spaceborne LiDAR measurements, we develop a model to correlate tree height with…

Applications · Statistics 2023-05-18 Qian Song , Conrad M Albrecht , Zhitong Xiong , Xiao Xiang Zhu

To forecast wind power generation in the scale of years to decades, outputs from climate models are often used. However, one major limitation of the data projected by these models is their coarse temporal resolution - usually not finer than…

Applications · Statistics 2023-09-19 Nina Effenberger , Nicole Ludwig , Rachel H. White

We tackle the challenging problem of creating full and accurate three dimensional reconstructions of botanical trees with the topological and geometric accuracy required for subsequent physical simulation, e.g. in response to wind forces.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Ed Quigley , Winnie Lin , Yilin Zhu , Ronald Fedkiw

We develop a foundation model using 1.2m high resolution satellite images of the Netherlands. By combining a Convolutional Neural Network and a Vision Transformer, the model captures both low- and high-frequency landscape features, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Paul Vermeeren , Heysem Kaya

Soil moisture sensing through biomass or vegetation canopy has challenged researchers, even those who use SAR sensors with penetration capabilities. This is mainly due to the imposed extra time and phase offsets on Radio Frequency (RF)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-25 Luke Jacobs , Mohamad Alipour , Adam Watts , Elahe Soltanaghai