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The decision variable selection policy used by the most competitive CDCL (Conflict-Driven Clause Learning) SAT solvers is either VSIDS (Variable State Independent Decaying Sum) or its variants such as exponential version EVSIDS. The common…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-04-05 Jingchao Chen

In computational complexity theory, a decision problem is NP-complete when it is both in NP and NP-hard. Although a solution to a NP-complete can be verified quickly, there is no known algorithm to solve it in polynomial time. There exists…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Wenxia Guo , Jin Wang , Majun He , Xiaoqin Ren , Wenhong Tian , Qingxian Wang

This report describes an extension of the distributed job scheduling and SAT solving platform Mallob by incremental SAT solving, embedded in a case study on SAT-based hierarchical planning. We introduce a low-latency interface for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Dominik Schreiber

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) is a propositional logic problem of determining whether an assignment of variables satisfies a Boolean formula. Many combinatorial optimization problems can be formulated in Boolean SAT logic -- either as k-SAT…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-12 Robert Simon Fong , Yanming Song , Alexander Yosifov

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) solvers are widely used in hardware verification, cryptanalysis, automatic test-pattern generation, and side-channel reasoning workflows. Modern conflict-driven clause-learning (CDCL) solvers are highly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Melki Bino

The Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) can be solved efficiently with variants of the DPLL algorithm. For industrial SAT problems, DPLL with conflict analysis dependent dynamic decision heuristics has proved to be particularly efficient,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Raihan H. Kibria

A novel parallel algorithm for solving the classical Decision Boolean Satisfiability problem with clauses in conjunctive normal form is depicted. My approach for solving SAT is without using algebra or other computational search strategies…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Carlos Barrón-Romero

The dramatic improvements in combinatorial optimization algorithms over the last decades have had a major impact in artificial intelligence, operations research, and beyond, but the output of current state-of-the-art solvers is often hard…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Stephan Gocht , Jakob Nordström

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem, the first problem proven to be NP-complete, has become a fundamental challenge in computational complexity, with widespread applications in optimization and verification across many domains. Despite…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Curie Kim , Carsten Portner , Mingju Liu , Steve Dai , Haoxing Ren , Brucek Khailany , Alvaro Velasquez , Ismail Alkhouri , Cunxi Yu

The Satisfiability (SAT) problem is a core challenge with significant applications in software engineering, including automated testing, configuration management, and program verification. This paper presents SolSearch, a novel framework…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Junjie Sheng , Yanqiu Lin , Jiehao Wu , Yanhong Huang , Jianqi Shi , Min Zhang , Xiangfeng Wang

Property Directed Reachability (\textsc{Pdr}), also known as IC3, is a state-of-the-art model checking algorithm widely used for verifying safety properties. While \textsc{Pdr} is effective in finding inductive invariants, its underlying…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Andrew Luka , Yakir Vizel

In the article, within the framework of the Boolean Satisfiability problem (SAT), the problem of estimating the hardness of specific Boolean formulas w.r.t. a specific complete SAT solving algorithm is considered. Based on the well-known…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Daniil Chivilikhin , Artem Pavlenko , Alexander Semenov

We introduce and benchmark a stochastic local search heuristic for the NP-complete satisfiability problem 3-SAT that drastically outperforms existing solvers in the notoriously difficult realm of critically hard instances. Our construction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 J. Schwardt , J. C. Budich

Formal verification techniques such as model checking, are becoming popular in hardware design. SAT-based model checking techniques such as IC3/PDR, have gained a significant success in hardware industry. In this paper, we present a new…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-12-22 Jianwen Li , Shufang Zhu , Yueling Zhang , Geguang Pu , Moshe Vardi

We propose a new approach to SAT solving which solves SAT problems in vector spaces as a cost minimization problem of a non-negative differentiable cost function J^sat. In our approach, a solution, i.e., satisfying assignment, for a SAT…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Taisuke Sato , Ryosuke Kojima

The Boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem lies at the core of many applications in combinatorial optimization, software verification, cryptography, and machine learning. While state-of-the-art solvers have demonstrated high efficiency in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zhiwei Zhang , Samy Wu Fung , Anastasios Kyrillidis , Stanley Osher , Moshe Y. Vardi

We present a hardware-accelerated SAT solver targeting processor/Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) SoCs. Our solution accelerates the most expensive subroutine of the Davis-Putnam-Logemann-Loveland (DPLL) algorithm, Boolean Constraint…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Hariprasadh Govindasamy , Babak Esfandiari , Paulo Garcia

Recent research in areas such as SAT solving and Integer Linear Programming has shown that the performances of a single arbitrarily efficient solver can be significantly outperformed by a portfolio of possibly slower on-average solvers. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-01-07 Roberto Amadini , Maurizio Gabbrielli , Jacopo Mauro

The problem of P vs. NP is very serious, and solutions to the problem can help save lives. This article is an attempt at solving the problem using a computer algorithm. It is presented in a fashion that will hopefully allow for easy…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Matt Groff

Nature-inspired computation is receiving increasing attention. Various Ising machine implementations have recently been proven to be effective in solving numerous combinatorial optimization problems including maximum cut, low density parity…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Ahmet Yusuf Salim , Bart Selman , Henry Kautz , Zeljko Ignjatovic , Selçuk Köse