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Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a secure communication method that utilizes the principles of quantum mechanics to establish secret keys. The central task in the study of QKD is to prove security in the presence of an eavesdropper with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-14 Sirui Peng , Xiaoming Sun , Hongyi Zhou

Reinforcement learning (RL) provides a principled framework for decision-making in partially observable environments, which can be modeled as Markov decision processes and compactly represented through dynamic decision Bayesian networks.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Gilberto Cunha , Alexandra Ramôa , André Sequeira , Michael de Oliveira , Luís Barbosa

Quantum federated learning (QFL) is a quantum extension of the classical federated learning model across multiple local quantum devices. An efficient optimization algorithm is always expected to minimize the communication overhead among…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-15 Jun Qi , Xiao-Lei Zhang , Javier Tejedor

A semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) protocol allows a quantum user and a limited "classical" user to establish a shared secret key secure against an all-powerful adversary. In this work, we present a new SQKD protocol where the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-17 Walter O. Krawec , Eric P. Geiss

In current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, hybrid quantum neural networks (HQNNs) offer a promising solution, combining the strengths of classical machine learning with quantum computing capabilities. However, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-27 Tasnim Ahmed , Muhammad Kashif , Alberto Marchisio , Muhammad Shafique

The heart of Quantum Federated Learning (QFL) is associated with a distributed learning architecture across several local quantum devices and a more efficient training algorithm for the QFL is expected to minimize the communication overhead…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-02 Jun Qi

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a revolutionary communication technology that promises ultimate security assurance by exploiting the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. In this work, we report design and development of a fully…

The rise of deepfake technologies has posed significant challenges to privacy, security, and information integrity, particularly in audio and multimedia content. This paper introduces a Quantum-Trained Convolutional Neural Network (QT-CNN)…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Chu-Hsuan Abraham Lin , Chen-Yu Liu , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen , Kuan-Cheng Chen

Quantum machine learning (QML) is rapidly transitioning from theoretical promise to practical relevance across data-intensive scientific domains. In this Review, we provide a structured overview of recent advances that bridge foundational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Vinit Singh , Amandeep Singh Bhatia , Mandeep Kaur Saggi , Manas Sajjan , Sabre Kais

In recent years, quantum computing (QC) has been getting a lot of attention from industry and academia. Especially, among various QC research topics, variational quantum circuit (VQC) enables quantum deep reinforcement learning (QRL). Many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-12 Won Joon Yun , Yunseok Kwak , Jae Pyoung Kim , Hyunhee Cho , Soyi Jung , Jihong Park , Joongheon Kim

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) is a young but rapidly growing field where quantum information meets machine learning. Here, we will introduce a new QML model generalizing the classical concept of Reinforcement Learning to the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Nicola Dalla Pozza , Lorenzo Buffoni , Stefano Martina , Filippo Caruso

A semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) protocol allows two users, one of whom is restricted in their quantum capabilities, to establish a shared secret key, secure against an all-powerful adversary. In this paper, we design a new SQKD…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-29 Hasan Iqbal , Walter O. Krawec

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is one of the most important aspects of quantum cryptography. Using laws of quantum mechanics as the basis for security, the key distribution process is made information theoretically secure in QKD. With the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-19 Rishab Chatterjee , Kaushik Joarder , Sourav Chatterjee , Barry C Sanders , Urbasi Sinha

The rapid advancements in quantum computing (QC) and machine learning (ML) have led to the emergence of quantum machine learning (QML), which integrates the strengths of both fields. Among QML approaches, variational quantum circuits…

The meteoric rise of artificial intelligence in recent years has seen machine learning methods become ubiquitous in modern science, technology, and industry. Concurrently, the emergence of programmable quantum computers, coupled with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-17 Muhammad Usman

The emergence of quantum reinforcement learning (QRL) is propelled by advancements in quantum computing (QC) and machine learning (ML), particularly through quantum neural networks (QNN) built on variational quantum circuits (VQC). These…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-26 Samuel Yen-Chi Chen

Quantum key distribution (QKD), providing a way to generate secret keys with information-theoretic security,is arguably one of the most significant achievements in quantum information. The continuous-variable QKD (CV-QKD) offers the…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows for communication with security guaranteed by quantum theory. The main theoretical problem in QKD is to calculate the secret key rate for a given protocol. Analytical formulas are known for protocols…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-24 Patrick J. Coles , Eric M. Metodiev , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) offers information-theoretic security against quantum computing threats, but integrating QKD into existing security protocols remains an unsolved challenge due to fundamental mismatches between pre-distributed…

Quantum key distribution (QKD offers a long-term solution to establish information-theoretically secure keys between two distant users. In practice, with a careful characterization of quantum sources and the decoy-state method,…