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Quantum key distribution (QKD) can provide fundamentally proven security for secure communication. Toward application, the secret key rate (SKR) is a key figure of merit for any QKD system. So far, the SKR has been limited to about a few…

This paper presents a practical solution to the problem of limited bandwidth in Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)- secured communication through using rapidly rekeyed Internet Protocol security (IPsec) links. QKD is a cutting-edge security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-01-08 Stefan Marksteiner , Benjamin Rainer , Oliver Maurhart

The secure transfer of information is an important problem in modern telecommunications. Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides a solution to this problem by using individual quantum systems to generate correlated bits between remote…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-02 S. Etcheverry , G. Cañas , E. S. Gómez , W. A. T. Nogueira , C. Saavedra , G. B. Xavier , G. Lima

The rise of the new generation of cyber threats demands more sophisticated and intelligent cyber defense solutions equipped with autonomous agents capable of learning to make decisions without the knowledge of human experts. Several…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Hooman Alavizadeh , Julian Jang-Jaccard , Hootan Alavizadeh

Key reconciliation of quantum key distribution (QKD) is the process of correcting errors caused by channel noise and eavesdropper to identify the keys of two legitimate users. Reconciliation efficiency is the most important figure for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-12 Chaohui Gao , Yu Guo , Dong Jiang , Lijun Chen

A crucial goal for quantum key distribution (QKD) is to transmit unconditionally secure keys over long distances. Previous studies show that the key rate of point-to-point QKD is limited by a secret key rate capacity bound, and higher key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-30 Yingqiu Mao , Pei Zeng , Teng-Yun Chen

Quantum computing is a new computational paradigm that promises applications in several fields, including machine learning. In the last decade, deep learning, and in particular Convolutional neural networks (CNN), have become essential for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-14 Iordanis Kerenidis , Jonas Landman , Anupam Prakash

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) presents as a revolutionary approach to weather forecasting by using quantum computing to improve predictive modeling capabilities. In this study, we apply QML models, including Quantum Gated Recurrent Units…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-15 Saiyam Sakhuja , Shivanshu Siyanwal , Abhishek Tiwari , Britant , Savita Kashyap

Due to the intrinsic point-to-point characteristic of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems, it is necessary to study and develop QKD network technology to provide a secure communication service for a large-scale of nodes over a large…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-21 Qiong Li , Yaxing Wang , Haokun Mao , Jiameng Yao , Qi Han

We propose a QKD protocol for trusted node relays. Our protocol shifts the communication and computational weight of classical post-processing to the end users by reassigning the roles of error correction and privacy amplification, while…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-12 William Stacey , Razieh Annabestani , Xiongfeng Ma , Norbert Lütkenhaus

With the rapid advance of information technology, network systems have become increasingly complex and hence the underlying system dynamics are often unknown or difficult to characterize. Finding a good network control policy is of…

Performance · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Bai Liu , Qiaomin Xie , Eytan Modiano

Machine learning (ML) has become an attractive tool in information processing, however few ML algorithms have been successfully applied in the quantum domain. We show here how classical reinforcement learning (RL) could be used as a tool…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-02 Jelena Mackeprang , Durga Bhaktavatsala Rao Dasari , Jörg Wrachtrup

To address growing cybersecurity challenges in modern power dispatch systems, this paper proposes a multi-layer modeling and optimization framework for SCADA systems enhanced with quantum key distribution (QKD). While most existing…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-17 Ziqing Zhu

Benchmarking and establishing proper statistical validation metrics for reinforcement learning (RL) remain ongoing challenges, where no consensus has been established yet. The emergence of quantum computing and its potential applications in…

We evaluate the performance of two architectures for network-wide quantum key distribution (QKD): Relayed QKD, which relays keys over multi-link QKD paths for non-adjacent nodes, and Switched QKD, which uses optical switches to dynamically…

Increasing privacy and security concerns in intelligence-native 6G networks require quantum key distribution-secured federated learning (QKD-FL), in which data owners connected via quantum channels can train an FL global model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Rakpong Kaewpuang , Minrui Xu , Dusit Niyato , Han Yu , Zehui Xiong , Xuemin Sherman Shen

In this paper, we introduce an emerging quantum machine learning (QML) framework to assist classical deep learning methods for biosignal processing applications. Specifically, we propose a hybrid quantum-classical neural network model that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-04 Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Ye Wang

Quantum key distribution (QKD), which promises secure key exchange between two remote parties, is now moving toward the realization of scalable and secure QKD networks (QNs). Fully connected, trusted node-free QNs have been realized based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-18 Wenhan Yan , Xiaodong Zheng , Wenjun Wen , Liangliang Lu , Yifeng Du , Yanqing Lu , Shining Zhu , Xiao-Song Ma

This paper is withdrawn. We study the quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol based on a quantum retrodiction protocol, namely the so-called mean king problem. The security is analyzed by considering the eavesdropping on both the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-15 Han-Duo Shi , Yi-Nan Wang , Li Jing , Ru-Quan Wang , Liang-Zhu Mu , Heng Fan

We introduce and analyze a novel quantum machine learning model motivated by convolutional neural networks. Our quantum convolutional neural network (QCNN) makes use of only $O(\log(N))$ variational parameters for input sizes of $N$ qubits,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Iris Cong , Soonwon Choi , Mikhail D. Lukin
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