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As computing power advances, the environmental cost of semiconductor manufacturing and operation has become a critical concern. However, current sustainability metrics fail to quantify carbon emissions at the transistor level, the…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Zag ElSayed , Nelly Elsayed , Ahmed Abdelgawad

The rapid expansion of data centers (DCs) has intensified energy and carbon footprint, incurring a massive environmental computing cost. While carbon-aware workload migration strategies have been examined, existing approaches often overlook…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-02 Yichao Zhang , Yubo Song , Subham Sahoo

The energy consumption of deep learning models is increasing at a breathtaking rate, which raises concerns due to potential negative effects on carbon neutrality in the context of global warming and climate change. With the progress of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Bo Li , Xinyang Jiang , Donglin Bai , Yuge Zhang , Ningxin Zheng , Xuanyi Dong , Lu Liu , Yuqing Yang , Dongsheng Li

The rapid adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) has generated growing interest in understanding their environmental impact and the challenges associated with designing environmentally friendly ML-enabled…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Heli Järvenpää , Patricia Lago , Justus Bogner , Grace Lewis , Henry Muccini , Ipek Ozkaya

The rapid expansion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has intensified concerns about its environmental sustainability. Current assessments focus on operational carbon emissions using secondary data, overlooking impacts in other life cycle…

The growth of machine learning (ML) models and associated datasets triggers a consequent dramatic increase in energy costs for the use and training of these models. In the current context of environmental awareness and global sustainability…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Gwendal Jouneaux , Jordi Cabot

Energy saving and carbon emission reduction in buildings is one of the key measures in combating climate change. Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system account for the majority of the energy consumption in the built…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Yong Yu

A global effort has been initiated to reduce the worldwide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, primarily carbon emissions, by half by 2030 and reach net-zero by 2050. The development of 6G must also be compliant with this goal. Unfortunately,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Peng Zhang , Yong Xiao , Yingyu Li , Xiaohu Ge , Guangming Shi , Yang Yang

Forest is the most significant land-based carbon storage mechanism. The forest carbon sink can effectively decrease the atmospheric CO2 concentration and mitigate climate change. Remote sensing estimation not only ensures high accuracy of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Zhenyu Yu , Jinnian Wang

The smart metering infrastructure may become one of the key elements in efficiently managing energy in smart cities. At the same time, traditional measurement record collection is performed by manual methods, which raises cost, safety, and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Mustafa Siham , Qutaiba I. Ali

With the rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) and cloud services, data centers have become critical infrastructures driving digital economies, with increasing energy demand heightening concerns over electricity use and carbon…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-30 Zhentong Shao , Nanpeng Yu , Daniel Wong

The accelerating adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software engineering (SE) has brought with it a silent crisis: unsustainable computational cost. While these models demonstrate remarkable capabilities in different SE tasks, they…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Ajmain Inqiad Alam , Palash Roy , Chanchal K. Roy , Banani Roy , Kevin A. Schneider

Electrical smart grids are units that supply electricity from power plants to the users to yield reduced costs, power failures/loss, and maximized energy management. Smart grids (SGs) are well-known devices due to their exceptional benefits…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Sidra Aslam , Ala Altaweel , Ali Bou Nassif

Bio-inspired algorithms utilize natural processes such as evolution, swarm behavior, foraging, and plant growth to solve complex, nonlinear, high-dimensional optimization problems. However, a plethora of these algorithms require a more…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have led to their widespread adoption and large-scale deployment across various domains. However, their environmental impact, particularly during inference, has become a growing concern…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-07 Xiaoqi Wang , Hongyang Du , Yuehong Gao , Dong In Kim

Carbon credit systems have emerged as a policy tool to incentivize emission reductions and support the transition to clean energy. Reliable carbon-credit certification depends on mechanisms that connect actual, measured renewable-energy…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Matteo Vaccargiu , Azmat Ullah , Pierluigi Gallo

Optimizing modern production plants using the job-shop principle is a known hard problem. For very large plants, like semiconductor fabs, the problem becomes unsolvable on a plant-wide scale in a reasonable amount of time using classical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-28 M. Umlauft , M. Schranz

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), air pollution kills seven million people every year. Outdoor air pollution is a major environmental health problem affecting low, middle, and high-income countries. In the past few years,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Ihsane Gryech , Chaimae Assad , Mounir Ghogho , Abdellatif Kobbane

As global warming soars, the need to assess and reduce the environmental impact of recommender systems is becoming increasingly urgent. Despite this, the recommender systems community hardly understands, addresses, and evaluates the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Lukas Wegmeth , Tobias Vente , Alan Said , Joeran Beel

The rapid expansion of cloud computing and data center infrastructure has led to significant energy consumption, posing environmental challenges due to the growing carbon footprint. This research explores energy-aware management strategies…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Rabab Khan Rongon , Krishna Das